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Phase II DME
| Pathway | Enzymes | Co-factors | Mechanism | Substrates |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glucuronidation | UGT | UDP-GA | addition of a sugar molecule | alcohols, carboxylic acids, aromatic amines, thiols, bilirubin |
| Sulfation | ST, SULT | PAPS | addition of a sulfate group | alkyl or aromatic alcohols, amines |
| Glutathione conjugation | GST | GSH | addition of SG group | electrophilic carbons |
| N-acetylation | NAT1, NAT2 | acetyl-CoA | addition of an acetyl group on a nitrogen | primary amines, SO2NH2 |
| Amino acid conjugation | AS | acetyl-CoA, Gly, Glt | addition of an amino acid in place of -OH | carboxylic acids |
| Methylation | COMT, PNMT | SAM | addition of a methyl group on a nucleophilic group | -OH, -NH2, -SH |