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Literary Terms: KIND
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Plot | The sequence of events in a story--beginning, middle and end. |
| Exposition | The beginning of the story where the main characters and initial conflicts are introduced. The setting of the story (time, place, weather, culture etc.). |
| Rising Action | Events that lead up to the climax. They help create tension and suspense and may have more conflicts. |
| Climax | The turning point of the story; the moment of tension, emotion, or suspense that determines the resolution. The main conflict is addressed. |
| Falling Action | Eases the tension and shows how the main character resolves the conflict. |
| Resolution | The end of the story where typically the main conflict is resolved. |
| Antagonist | The central character’s opponent (creates the conflict). |
| Protagonist | The central character usually involved in a conflict against the antagonist. May also be known as the hero. |
| Setting | Where and when the story takes place (including the time, place, weather, culture, customs and traditions). |
| Theme | The central idea or message about life that is expressed in the story. |
| Conflict | A problem, fight, or struggle between characters, society, nature, or internally within. |
| Central idea | What the story or passage is about |
| Character vs. Character | This type of conflict finds the main character in conflict with another character, human or not human. |
| Character vs. Nature | This type of conflict finds the main character in conflict with the forces of nature, which serve as the antagonist. |
| Character vs. Society | This type of conflict has the main character in conflict with a larger group: a community, society, culture, school, etc. |
| Character vs. Self | In this type of conflict, the main character experiences some kind of inner conflict like a making a difficult decision or dealing with a personal problem. |
| Internal conflict | When the conflict is something personal or deep with the main character that they must solve |
| External conflict | When the conflict is with someone/something else. |
| Audible | Able to be heard, loud enough to hear. |
| Audience | The people who hear a speech performance. |
| Audition | A tryout for a role; a hearing to test and judge a performer’s ability. |
| Auditorium | A large room or hall where people gather to hear speakers or view performances. |
| Inaudible | Not able to be heard, too soft or faint to hear, unheard. |
| Megaphone | A cone-shaped horn used to direct the voice and make it sound louder. |
| Phonics | The study of the sounds and letters of the alphabet. |
| Saxophone | A curved wind instrument made of brass with a reed mouthpiece and keys for the fingers. |
| Stereophonic | An electronic system that blends sounds from more than one source. |
| Symphony | A long piece of music played by an orchestra. Also derived from the Greek word meaning “together” |
| -orium, -arium words | It gives you the name of a place that is associated with the root. |
| Emporium | a large store that sells a variety of goods. |
| Aquarium | a large tank filled with water and fish |
| Terrarium | a transparent enclosure for keeping and growing plants. Small bugs can be added. |
| Planetarium | a domed building where images of planets, stars and constellations are shown on the ceiling for entertainment purposes. |
| Solarium | a room mostly made of glass to let light in. Like a sunroom where people sometimes keep their plants. |
| Idiom | A phrase or expression that says one thing, but means something else. |
| Allusion | A reference to something outside of what you are reading- a place, person, or event. |
| Hyperbole | An extreme exaggeration. |
| Simile | A comparison of two different things using the words “like” or “as”. |
| Metaphor | A direct comparison of two different things without using “like” or “as”; it describes something by calling it something else. |
| Personification | Describing nonhuman animals, objects, or ideas as though they possess human qualities or emotions. |
| Alliteration | Repetition of initial consonant sounds |
| Vocal | Connected with speaking or with the voice |
| Vocalist | A singer |
| Vocation | A job; a calling or inclination toward a type of work or service |
| Addictive | habit-forming, hard to break away from, easy to say yes to. |
| Contradict | to speak against, to say the opposite of. |
| Dictation | the act of saying words for someone else to write down. |
| Dictator | A person who commands and rules with total authority |
| Predict | To say what will happen in the future, often using reason or experience. |
| Verdict | The words of decision from a jury. |
| Avocation | a pastime or hobby; a profession practiced with enjoyment. |
| Envision | To imagine; to form a picture in the mind of something that has not yet happened. |
| Revise | To look back and change; to correct and improve. |
| Supervise | To direct or oversee, to look after and take care of. |
| Visor | A shield for the eyes, like the brim of a cap or sunshade in a car. |
| Visible | Able to be seen or perceived. |
| Prospect | To look for; to explore and search for mineral deposits. or, something that is looked forward to. |
| Respect | Admiration, high regard. A specific point or detail. |
| Spectator | Onlooker, one who watches an event without taking part. |
| Spectacle | A strikingly grand or unusual sight. |
| Point of View | First person, second person, third person (omniscient) The perspective in which a story is being told. |
| Foreshadowing | Hints or clues about future events. problem, fight, or struggle between characters, society, nature, or internally within. |
| Author’s Purpose | The reason why the author writes: Entertain, Inform, Explain, and Persuade. |
| Mood | The feelings the reader gets from reading the author’s words. |
| Tone | The attitudes and feelings of an author/speaker toward a subject. |
| Characterization | means through which an author reveals a character’s personality. Characterization may be direct or indirect. |
| Direct Characterization | The author tells the reader what the character is like. |
| Indirect Characterization | The author shows the reader what the character is like through how a character looks, what the character does, what the character says, what the character thinks, or how the character affects the other characters. |
| Dynamic Character | A character who undergoes a significant internal change throughout the story. This may be a change in understanding, values, insight, etc. |
| Static Character | A character who does not undergo a significant change throughout a story. |
| Noun | Names a person, place, thing, or idea/concept |
| Common Noun | a general name for a person, place, thing, or idea/concept- not capitalized unless it's the first word of a sentence |
| Proper Noun | the name of a particular person, place, thing, or idea/concept... begins with a capital letter |
| Singular Noun | Names ONE person, place, thing, or idea/concept |
| Plural Noun | Names more than one person, place, thing, or idea/concept |
| Action Verb | Tells about an action. Sometimes you can see the action (physical actions). |
| Linking Verb | Do not show action, instead, they tell that something is, or they link the subject with a word or words in the predicate. |
| Adjectives | A word that modifies or describes a noun or pronoun. The answer to the questions: What kind, Which ones, & and how many? |
| Adverbs | Modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs. They are commonly formed by adding -ly. They answer the questions: How, Where, & and When? |
| Pronouns | Is used in place of a noun |
| Antisocial | Unfriendly; not enjoying the company of others |
| Association | A club, society or an organization of people with similar interests |
| Dissociate | To break the ties between, separate from, stop associating with. |
| Society | People, human beings living and working as a group or community. |
| Sociologist | A scientist who works in the area of sociology, which examines the relationships, values, and institutions of communities of people. |
| Commemorate | To honor the memory of. |
| Memento | An object that reminds one of a special time or place. |
| Memorandum | A written or typed note to help one remember something. |
| Memorial | A monument or statue built in memory of a person or an event. |
| Remembrance | An object that keeps memory of something alive. |
| Decrease | To make less, to become smaller. The process of getting smaller. |
| Dejected | Downhearted, in low spirits, unhappy. |
| Denominator | The numeral below the, or to the right of the line in a fraction. |
| Descend | To come down, to go from a higher to a lower place. |
| Subdue | To bring under control, to quiet down; to conquer. |
| Subheading | The title or heading for one section of an outline or paper. |
| Submerge | To move, or be pushed, under water. |
| Subside | To go down, recede, settle, sink to a lower level |
| Subsistence | The minimum amount to sustain life. |
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