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Chapter 2 Vocabulary
Big Ideas Geometry Chapter 2 Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| biconditional statement | The “then” part of a conditional statement written in if-then form |
| conditional statement | A logical statement that has a hypothesis and a conclusion |
| contrapositive | The statement formed by negating both the hypothesis and conclusion of the converse of a conditional statement Statement: If you are a guitar player, then you are a musician. Contrapositive: If you are not a musician, then you are not a guitar player. |
| counterexample | A specific case for which a conjecture is false Conjecture: The sum of two numbers is always more than the greater number. Counterexample:-2 +( 3)=- 5 |
| conclusion | The “then” part of a conditional statement written in if-then form |
| conjecture | An unproven statement that is based on observations Conjecture: The sum of any three consecutive integers is three times the second number. |
| converse | The statement formed by exchanging the hypothesis and conclusion of a conditional statement Statement: If you are a guitar player, then you are a musician. Converse: If you are a musician, then you are a guitar player. |
| deductive reasoning | A process that uses facts, definitions, accepted properties, and the laws of logic to form a logical argument |
| equivalent statements | Two related conditional statements that are both true or both false A conditional statement and its contrapositive are equivalent statements |
| flowchart proof (flow proof) | A type of proof that uses boxes and arrows to show the flow of a logical argument |
| hypothesis | The “if” part of a conditional statement written in if-then form |
| if-then form | A conditional statement in the form “if p, then q”, where the “if” part contains the hypothesis and the “then” part contains the conclusion |
| inductive reasoning | A process that includes looking for patterns and making conjectures Given the number pattern 1, 5, 9, 13, …, you can use inductive reasoning to determine that the next number in the pattern is 17. |
| inverse | The statement formed by negating both the hypothesis and conclusion of a conditional statement Statement: If you are a guitar player, then you are a musician. Inverse: If you are not a guitar player, then you are not a musician. |
| line perpendicular to a plane | A line that intersects the plane in a point and is perpendicular to every line in the plane that intersects it at that point |
| narrative proof | A style of proof that presents the statements and reasons as sentences in a paragraph, using words to explain the logical flow of an argument |
| negation | The opposite of a statement If a statement is p, then the negation is “not p,” written ~p. Statement: The ball is red. Negation: The ball is not red. |
| paragraph proof | A style of proof that presents the statements and reasons as sentences in a paragraph, using words to explain the logical flow of an argument |
| perpendicular lines | Two lines that intersect to form a right angle |
| proof | A logical argument that uses deductive reasoning to show that a statement is true |
| theorem | A statement that can be proven |
| two-column proof | A type of proof that has numbered statements and corresponding reasons that show an argument in a logical order |
Created by:
PRO Teacher
Fulghum
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