a long poem that tells the deeds of a great hero, such as the Iliad and Odyssey by Homer

a Greek city-state, consisting of a town and its surrounding countryside

a fortified gathering place at the top of a hill that was sometimes the site of temples and public buildings

a wall of shields created by foot soldiers marching should to shoulder in a rectangular formation

a ruler who seized power by force from the aristocrats and maintained power by using hired soldiers

in ancient Athens, the process for temporarily banning politicians from the city by popular vote

a sacred shrine where a god or goddess was said to reveal the future through a priest or priestess

the idea that all people and institutions are subject to laws that are fairly applied and enforced

"the rule of many," government by the people, either directly or through their elected representatives

"the rule of the few," a form of government in which a select group of people exercises control

461-429 B.C.E., when Pericles dominated Athenian politics and Athens reached the height of its power

government where the people participate directly in decision-making through mass meetings

the age of Alexander the Great and his successor kingdoms; the period when Greek language and ideas spread to the non-Greek world

an open area that served as a gathering place and market

ancient Greeks became skilled at this because of the many islands that make up Greece

the first Greek people, 1600-1100, warrior-like people

author of the epic poems; the Iliad and Odyssey

Macedonian who conquered the Persian Empire and spread Greek culture

Macedonian who was the father of Alexander and conquered the Greek city-states

main hero of the Iliad, fights and dies in the Trojan war

main hero the Odyssey, embarks on a 10-year journey home

time period after the collapse of the Mycenaean civilization in which population and agriculture decline and people left the mainland

one of the main Greek city-states, democracy, dominated the Delian League, largest population

one of the main Greek city-states, everything revolved around the military

An alliance of Greek city-states to fight Persia that Athens came to dominate

Greek city-states vs. Persia because Persia attacked the Ionians, the Greeks win

Athens (and allies) vs. Sparta (and allies) because Athens tried to dominate the Delian League, Spartan victory

festival held to honor the Greek gods and goddesses

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Topic 3

Term	Definition
epic poem	a long poem that tells the deeds of a great hero, such as the Iliad and Odyssey by Homer
polis	a Greek city-state, consisting of a town and its surrounding countryside
acropolis	a fortified gathering place at the top of a hill that was sometimes the site of temples and public buildings
phalanx	a wall of shields created by foot soldiers marching should to shoulder in a rectangular formation
tyrant	a ruler who seized power by force from the aristocrats and maintained power by using hired soldiers
ostracism	in ancient Athens, the process for temporarily banning politicians from the city by popular vote
oracle	a sacred shrine where a god or goddess was said to reveal the future through a priest or priestess
rule of law	the idea that all people and institutions are subject to laws that are fairly applied and enforced
democracy	"the rule of many," government by the people, either directly or through their elected representatives
oligarchy	"the rule of the few," a form of government in which a select group of people exercises control
Age of Pericles	461-429 B.C.E., when Pericles dominated Athenian politics and Athens reached the height of its power
direct democracy	government where the people participate directly in decision-making through mass meetings
Hellenistic Era	the age of Alexander the Great and his successor kingdoms; the period when Greek language and ideas spread to the non-Greek world
agora	an open area that served as a gathering place and market
seafaring	ancient Greeks became skilled at this because of the many islands that make up Greece
Mycenaeans	the first Greek people, 1600-1100, warrior-like people
Homer	author of the epic poems; the Iliad and Odyssey
Alexander the Great	Macedonian who conquered the Persian Empire and spread Greek culture
Philip II	Macedonian who was the father of Alexander and conquered the Greek city-states
Pericles	ruler of Athens at its height
Achilles	main hero of the Iliad, fights and dies in the Trojan war
Odysseus	main hero the Odyssey, embarks on a 10-year journey home
Dark Age of Greece	time period after the collapse of the Mycenaean civilization in which population and agriculture decline and people left the mainland
Athens	one of the main Greek city-states, democracy, dominated the Delian League, largest population
Sparta	one of the main Greek city-states, everything revolved around the military
Delian League	An alliance of Greek city-states to fight Persia that Athens came to dominate
Persian Wars	Greek city-states vs. Persia because Persia attacked the Ionians, the Greeks win
Peloponnesian War	Athens (and allies) vs. Sparta (and allies) because Athens tried to dominate the Delian League, Spartan victory
Olympic Games	festival held to honor the Greek gods and goddesses
Zeus	the main Greek god

Created by: Mrs. Marquardt

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