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Chem-Atomic th1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| The Periodic Table | The Periodic table is a list of elements arranged in such a way to show trends in the physical and chemical properties of the elements. |
| Element | A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means or produced by combining simpler substances |
| Group 1 = | Alkali metals |
| Group 2 = | Alkali Earth Metals |
| Group 4-11= | Transition elements |
| Group 7 = | Halogens |
| Group 8 = | Noble gases |
| Periods - How are they arranged and what do they have in common? | The elements are arranged horizontally, each element in a period has the same number of electron shells |
| Groups - How are they arranged and what do they have in common? | The elements are arranged horizontally in groups, each element in group has the same number of electrons in the outermost shell |
| What is the octet rule? | It states that when atoms bond, most atoms tend to want an electron arrangement of eight electrons in their outermost shell |
| A compound | A compound is a substance that is made up of two or more elements combined together chemically |
| Valency | The valency of an atom tells us the number of chemical bonds an atom can form |
| Metal | Is any element that loses electrons to form a positive ion |
| A non metal | Is any element that gains electrons to form a negative ion |
| Mass number | Is the number of protons plus the number of neutrons in the nucleus of the atom |
| Isotopes | Are atoms of the same element that have the same atomic number but different mass numbers due to the different numbers of neurons present in the nucleus |
| Relative Atomic Mass number (Ar) | The average mass of an atom of an element compared to 1/12 of the mass of the Carbon-12 isotope, taking abundances of the naturally occurring isotopes into account |
| Relative Molecular mass | The average mass of a molecule of a compound compared to 1/12 of the mass of the carbon-12 isotope, taking relative abundances of the naturally occurring isotopes into account |
| Atomic number | the number of protons present in the nucleus of an atom |
| Diatomic element | an element that, in its natural state, exists as a molecule composed of two atoms of that same element covalently bonded together |
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