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Weathering Water
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Weathering | Erosion formed by water, ice, wind & gravity |
| Erosion | Rocks or land getting eroded away by movement, like wind or water |
| Deposition | Sediment getting deposited to the end of the lake/stream |
| Cut Bank | Outside bend of a river that has a steep, cliff-like slope where water speeds up. |
| Point Bar | Inside bend of a river where water slows and deposits sediment. |
| Till | Mixture of different sized sediments |
| Erratic | A big boulder that gets carried from a glacier |
| Moraine | Sediment deposited by a moving glacier |
| Esker | A long and narrow river of glacier melt that deposits all sorts of sediment like sand or gravel |
| Glacial groove | Deep marks on bedrock from a glacier scraping/grinding against it |
| Outwash | A landscape formed by a melting glacier |
| Kettle lake | Shallow bodies of water filled with sediment that formed when the edges of glaciers broke off and formed into tiny lakes |
| Striations | Small marks on bedrock from sediment on the glacier |
| Topography | The shape and size of the landscapes on Earth. |
| Contour Map | Also known as the topographic map it shows the shape of Earth's surface with lines that represent different elevation. |
| Contour lines | Lines that connect points of the same elevation |
| Gentle Slope | When known if a surface's slope isn't steep is when the contour lines are far apart to show elevation is slowly going down. |
| Steep slope | To know if a slope is steep there are lots of contour lines to represent the rapid change of elevation in the designated area. |
| Index contour lines | Contour lines labeled in BOLD to help find the interval |
| Map scale | Compares distance of map to the distance of Earth. |
| Legend | Also known as a key it compares distances with symbols |
| Benchmarks | Is a point where an exact elevation is known, marked with a brass or aluminum plate it has BM labeled on the elevation. |
| Hachure lines | Contour lines with small segments that are the same elevation as the one before it. |
| Elevation | The height of an object above or below sea level. |
| Relief | The difference between the highest and lowest elevations. |
| Profile | What the shape of the surface looks like. |
| V's of the stream | Contour lines that point upwards to represent when they cross a stream |
| Contour interval | The difference in elevation between 2 contour lines |
| Geosphere | The rock portion of Earth made up of 4 different layers. |
| Asthenosphere | Soft, slow moving layer beneath the Earth's crust. |
| Lithosphere | Earth's rigid outer layer made up of the crust and the upper mantle broken into plates that move on top of the Asthenosphere |
| Mantle | Layer beneath Earth's crust that is mostly less solid |
| Outer Core | Liquid, metal layer surrounding Earth's inner core |
| Inner Core | The solid, metal center of Earth with high temperature and pressure. |
| Crust | The thin, hard outer layer of Earth. |
| What are the 3 main spheres of Earth? | Geosphere, Atmosphere and Hydrosphere |
| Outer core components? | Liquid metal, the only layer that is a liquid. |
| Mantle components? | Hot rock that's able to flow despite being a solid. |
| What happens to Earth's pressure, heat and density as you go through the layers? | They all increase |
| Which layer is composed of SOLID iron and nickel? | Inner core |
| Which layer is composed of LIQUID iron and nickel? | Outer core |
| Which layer is responsible for the magnetic field? | Outer core |
| What controls Earth's plates and why? | The Mantle because despite being a solid it can flow which moves the Earth's plates around when it rises and falls. |
| Why is Earth's interior hot? | Collisions of asteroids and radioactive decay. |
| What happens to old floor during sea floor spreading? | It gets pushed away from the middle. |
| Continental drift | A theory of the continents formerly being a supercontinent but drifted apart. Lots of evidence shows continental evidence is true |
| Sea-floor spreading | A process where molten material erupts, spreading floor apart from the middle and new floor forms underneath. |
| Convection Currents | The cycle of heating, rising, cooling and sinking |
| Continental Drift | The hypothesis that continents are slowly drifting apart/moving |
| Pangaea | What it was called when all continents were together in a large landmass |
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