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MATTER Properties
Periodic Table/Elements Working Vocabulary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ductile | Can be drawn into a wire |
| Malleable | Can be hammered and shaped |
| Luster | Is reflective |
| Reactive | Ability to react, merge with other elements |
| Electronegativity | Elements ability to gain electrons and become negative |
| Ionization | Gaining or losing electrons |
| Groups | Columns on the periodic table Elements in a group have the same number of VALENCE electrons |
| Periods | Horizontal rows on the periodic table |
| Metals | Elements that are solid at room temp. Found on the right hand side of the table malleable, ductile, chemically reactive, good conductors |
| Nonmetals | Found on the right hand side of the periodic table mainly dull, non reflective, brittle, poor conductors |
| Metallloids | Found on the stair-step of the periodic table, have properties of both metals and nonmetals Solids at room temp. are semi-conductors of electricity |
| Valence Shell | The outer shell/orbit of an atom |
| Atom | Basic building block of all matter |
| Proton | p+ positively charged sub atomic particle found in the nucleus. The number p+ in an atom is its ATOMIC NUMBER |
| Electron | e- negatively charged subatomic particle that orbits the nucleus in the electron cloud |
| Neutron | n is the neutral subatomic particle located in the nucleus of the atom |
| Heterogeneous | consisting of dissimilar or diverse ingredients or constituents : mixed |
| Homogeneous | of uniform structure or composition throughout |
| Compound | Pure substances that are composed of two or more types of elements that are chemically combined and can only be changed into elements through chemical changes |
| Mixture | Two or more substances physically combined; easy to separate. |
| Element | Pure substances that cannot be changed into simpler substances and are composed of one kind of atom |
| Boiling Point | good identifying(ID) tool for compounds Is the temperature(TEMP) at which a liquid boils or turns into a vapor/gas. |
| Freezing Point | where a element or compound changes from a liquid/gas to a solid |
| Melting Point | Good identifying(ID) tool for compounds and determining the purity of metals. The temperature that a solid will melt. |
| Pure Substance | Contains either only one type of atom (an element) or only one type of molecule (a compound) |
| Chemical Change | substances transform into one or more completely different substances, resulting in a change in their chemical composition and the creation of new properties |
| Physical change | a change to a substance's form or appearance but not its chemical composition; the substance remains the same, just in a different state, size, or shape |
| Melting point | The temperature when a solid turns to a liquid |
| Boiling Point | The temperature when a liquid changes to a gas |
| Solubility | The ability of a substance to be dissolved into another substance |
| Density | Mass per unit volume; crowdedness; d= m/v |
| Law of conservation of matter | Matter/energy cannot be created nor destroyed |
| Reactants | items on the left side of a chemical equation |
| Products | items on the right side of a chemical equation |
| Subscripts | the numbers behind chemical symbols |
| Coefficient | The numbers in front of chemical symbols |
| Yield sign | Arrow in a chemical equation, means "Produces" |
Created by:
bmsscience