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Med Term Chapter 4
Chp 4
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| arthr/o | joint |
| articul/o | joint |
| burs/a burs/o | bursa |
| cervic/o | neck |
| chondr/o | cartilage |
| cost/o | rib |
| coccyg/o | coccyx |
| crani/o | skull |
| femor/o | femur |
| fibr/o | fibers |
| fibul/o | fibula |
| flex/o | to bend |
| herni/o | hernia |
| humer/o | humerus |
| ili/o | ilium |
| kines/o | movement |
| lumb/o | low back |
| metacarp/o | metacarpals |
| metatars/o | metatarsals |
| muscul/o | muscle |
| myel/o | bone marrow |
| my/o | muscle |
| myos/o | muscle |
| ortho/o | straight |
| oste/o | bone |
| patell/o | patella |
| pector/o | chest |
| ped/o | foot; also child |
| pelv/i, plev/o | pelvis |
| phalang/o | phalanges |
| pod/o | foot |
| pub/o | pubis |
| radi/o | radiation |
| rhabd/o | rod |
| sacr/o | sacrum |
| scapul/o | scapula |
| spin/o | spine |
| spondyl/o | vertebrae |
| stern/o | sternum |
| tars/o | tarsus |
| ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o | tendon |
| thorac/o | thorax, chest, trunk |
| tibi/o | tibia |
| ton/o | stretching, tension, muscle tone |
| uln/o | ulna |
| vertebr/a | vertebra |
| adhesion | scar |
| amyotrophic lateral sclerosis | muscle atrophy disease; Lou Gehrig Disease |
| ankylosing spondylitis | spinal column stiffening and fusion of vertebrae |
| arthralgia | pain in joint |
| arthritis | inflammation of the joints |
| ataxia | defective coordination of muscle movements |
| atrophy | decrease or wasting away of muscles tissue |
| bradykinesa | slow movement |
| bursitis | inflammation of bursa |
| carpal tunnel syndrome | compression of the median nerve in the wrist |
| chondroma | tumor of the cartilage |
| chondromalacia | abnormal softening of cartilage |
| closed fracture | fracture in which the bone does not break through the skin |
| Colles fracture | fracture in the lower end of the radius |
| comminuted fracture | fracture in which the bone splinters or shatters |
| compartment syndrome | painful swelling or overgrowth of muscle tissue |
| compound fracture | fracture when bone protrudes through the skin |
| compression fracture | fracture caused by pressure along the vertebral column |
| contracture | abnormal shortening of muscle fibers and tendons |
| crepitation | a clicking or grating noise that is a result of bones or cartilage rubbing together |
| dislocation | when a bone is displaced from normal joint |
| dyskinesa | movement is impaired, painful, or difficult, as in Parkinson |
| dystrophy | degeneration |
| Ewing sarcoma | malignant tumor of a long bone or soft tissue |
| Exostosis | an outward overgrowth from bony prominence; bone spur |
| fibromyalgia | chronic pain in muscles and soft tissue |
| ganglion | benign cyst develops on tendon often wrists, hands, ankles or feet |
| gout | painful buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints |
| greenstick fracture | partial fracture common in young children due to the softer structure of their bones |
| hemiparesis | weakness of one side |
| hemiplegia | paralysis of one side |
| herniated disk | condition in which soft tissue between two vertebrae ruptures |
| hyperkinesa | abnormally increased muscle movement |
| hypertrophy | excessive development of part of the body |
| impacted fracture | fracture in which bone fragments are pushed in |
| intercostal | between two ribs |
| intervertebral | between two vertebrae |
| intramuscular | an injection route in the muscle |
| kinesiology | study of body movement |
| kyphosis | condition in which the thoracic spine has an increased posterior curvature |
| lateral epicondylitis | inflammation around the lateral condyle |
| lordosis | lumbar spine has increased anterior curvature |
| lyme disease | bacterial infection caused by a bite from infected tick |
| muscular dystrophy | progressive inherited disease causes wasting away of muscle |
| myalgia | muscle pain |
| myasthenia | autoimmune disease that causes severe muscle fatigue |
| myositis | inflammation of muscle |
| oblique fracture | fracture at a slant |
| orthoedics | medical specialty related to musculoskeletal conditions |
| orthopedist | medical specialist who diagnoses and treats musculoskeletal conditions |
| osteoarthritis | common, progressive type of arthritis causes inflammation and degeneration of joints and bones |
| osteochondritis | inflammation of bone and cartilage |
| ostemalacia | bones of adults lose rigidity and soften; rickets in children |
| osteomyelitis | inflammation of the bone and marrow caused by bacterial infection |
| osteonecrosis | death of bone tissue, usually due to lack of blood flow |
| osteopathy | bone disease-also a term for holistic patient care |
| osteopenia | abnormal decrease in bone mineral |
| osteoporosis | condition in which bones become porous and brittle causing them to break |
| osteosarcoma | cone cancer that begins in the long bones; most common bone cancer |
| paget disease of bone | chronic disorder that causes bone destruction and deformities |
| paraplegia | paralysis of the lower body and both legs |
| pathologic fracture | fracture that is related to disease |
| podiatrist | healthcare professional who diagnoses and treats conditions of the foot |
| plantar faciitis | painful inflammation of the fascia attaching the heel to the sole of the foot |
| podiatry | medical specialty related tot he diagnosis and treatment of conditions of the foot |
| quadriplegia | paralysis of all four limbs |
| rhabdomyolysis | destruction of skeletal muscle tissue and the release of tissue breakdown products into the bloodstream; can lead to kidney failure |
| rhabdomyosarcoma | type of cancer affecting skeletal muscle tissue |
| rheumatoid arthritis | autoimmune form of arthritis in which joints become red, swollen, and painful, results in restricted movement and possible deformities |
| rheumatologist | medical doctor who diagnoses and treats conditions of connective tissue and joints |
| rheumatology | study of connective tissue and joints |
| rickets | bone deformity that results from Vitamin D deficiency in children bowing of legs is prominent |
| sarcopenia | loss of muscle mass that commonly occurs with aging |
| scoliosis | abnormal lateral curvature of the spine |
| spiral fracture | fracture that spirals around the bone shaft; common in twisting injuries |
| spondylarthritis | inflammation of the joints of the vertebrae; spinal arthritis |
| sprain | injury caused by damage to ligaments |
| strain | injury caused by damage to tendons or muscles |
| stress fracture | thing fracture that results from repetitive impact |
| subluxation | incomplete dislocation |
| synovitis | inflammation of the synovial membrane |
| talipes | congenital disorder results in misalignment of the foot and ankle;clubfoot |
| tendinitis or tendonitis | inflammation of tendon |
| transverse fracture | fracture that is straight across the bone in a horizontal line |
| amputation | partial or complete surgical removal of a limb |
| arthrocentesis | surgical puncture of a joint to remove fluid |
| arthrodesis | surgical procedure to bind a joint |
| arthrogram | image of a joint that is created by an x-ray with contrast dye |
| arthroplasty | surgical repair of a joint |
| arthroscopy | examination of inside of joint with use of arthroscope |
| arthrotomy | surgical incision into a joint |
| bone scan | image of bones with use of dye |
| bursectomy | surgical removal of a bursa |
| bursotomy | surgical incision into the bursa |
| computerized tomography | cross-section image of the body that is more detailed than a traditional x-ray. CT scan |
| cryotherapy | application of cold to a body part as a treatment |
| dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry | Bone mineral density DEXA |
| electromyogram | recording of a muscle's response to electrical stimulation |
| fasciotomy | surgical incision into a fascia |
| fixation | holding in place of fractured bone to promote healing |
| magnetic resonance imaging | MRI imaging uses magnets and radio waves to produce detailed images of the body |
| myoplasty | surgical repair of a muscle |
| orthotic | device that helps support |
| osteoclasis | a procedure that involves breaking a bone to correct a deformity |
| positron emission tomography | PET scan radioactive substance injected into patient's vein |
| radiography | creation of images using radiation |
| reduction | realigning a fractured bone or dislocated joint |
| sequential compression device | sleeve-like inflatable garment placed on patient's lower legs to promote circulation |
| spondylosyndesis | surgical procedure to bind vertebrae together; spinal fusion |
| thermotherapy | application of heat as treatment |
| total hip arthoplasty | surgical repair or reconstruction of the hip |
| total knee arthroplasty | surgical repair or reconstruction of the knee |
| ultrasound | image of the body organs, tissue, or other structures using sound waves |
| vertebrectomy | surgical removal of vertebrae |
| x-ray | image of internal structures of the body created by electromagnetic waves |
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