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Ap Unit 1 vocabulary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Relative Location | Expressed in terms of distance, time or relation to other places. |
| Absolute location | Exact location of a place on the earth described by global coordinates. |
| Site | The physical characteristics of place |
| Situation | The location of a place relative to other places |
| Placelessness | The loss of uniqueness of place in the cultural landscape so that one place looks like the next. |
| Toponym | The name given to a place on Earth. |
| Time-space compression | Process where time seems to shrink between two locations due to technology advancements. |
| Projection | The system used to transfer locations from Earth's surface (3D) to a flat map (2D). |
| Distance-Decay | The diminishing in importance and eventual disappearance of a phenomenon with increasing distance from its origin. |
| Environmental determinism | The view that the natural environment has a controlling influence over human life including cultural development. |
| Possibilism | The theory that the physical environment may set limits on human actions, but people have the ability to adjust to the physical environment. |
| Map distortion | Happens when a round surface is made flat; distortion may be in size or shape of land forms, distance between land forms, or in direction. |
| Formal Region (Uniform Region) | An area within which everyone shares in common one or more distinctive characteristics. |
| Functional Region | An area organized around a node or focal point |
| Vernacular Region (perceptual) | A place that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity. |
| global scale | the scale of the world, in a global setting. |
| regional scale | Interactions occurring within a region, in a regional setting. |
| National scale | as viewed across the whole country |
| local scale | A spatial scale that is essentially equivalent to a community. |
| thematic map | Map that emphasizes a single idea or a particular kind of information about an area |
| Choropleth Map | Map that uses differences in shading, coloring, or patterns to show location and distribution of data. |
| Dot Distribution Map | A map where dots are used to demonstrate the frequency or intensity of a particular phenomena |
| graduated symbol map (Proportional Circle) | A map with symbols that change in size according to the value of the attribute they represent. |
| Isoline Map | Map displaying lines that connect points of equal value; for example, a map showing elevation levels |
| Cartogram Map | A map in which the shape or size is distorted in order to demonstrate a variable such as travel, population or economic production |
| Mercator Projection | Cylindrical map projection useful for navigation because it maintains accurate direction, but has distortion at the poles making them appear over-sized. |
| Peters Projection | An equal-area projection purposely centered on Africa in an attempt to treat all regions of Earth equally, but compressed at the poles |
| Goode Homolosine Projection | An interrupted, pseudocylindrical, equal area, composite map projection used for world maps. |
| Robinson Projection | A projection that maintains overall shapes and relative positions without extreme distortion. Elongated oceans. |
| Winkle Triple Projection | Curved lines of longitude and latitude. Compromise on size and shape. Adopted by Nat Geo. |
| Global Positioning System (GPS) | A system that determines the precise position of something on Earth through a series of 24 satellites, tracking stations, and receivers. |
| Geographic Information System (GIS) | A computer system that stores, organizes, analyzes, and displays geographic data. |
| Quantitative data | Data measured and represented by numbers. |
| qualitative data | Immeasurable data such as interviews, documents, and visual observations. |
| Sustainability | The ability to keep in existence or maintain. A sustainable ecosystem is one that can be maintained |
| renewable resource | A natural resource that can be replaced at the same rate at which the resource is consumed |
| Non-renewable resource | a natural resource that cannot be replaced when used up |
| conservation | Protecting and preserving natural resources and the environment: human intervention |
| preservation | The maintenance of resources in their present condition, with as little human impact as possible |
| Reference Maps | show locations of places and geographic features -Showing boundaries, cities, roads. -Where guide |
| physical map | A map that shows mountains, hills, plains, rivers, lakes, oceans, etc. |
| political map | A map showing units such as countries, states, provinces, districts, etc. |
| remote sensing | the scanning of the earth by satellite or high-flying aircraft in order to obtain information about it. |
| census | the official count of a population every 10 years |
| clustered | Gathered closely together in a group |
| dispersed | scattered, spread, broken up |
| Linear | straight line |
| scale of analysis | how zoomed in or out you are when looking at geographic data - Global, Regional, National, Local |
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