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sci
| vocabulary | definitions |
|---|---|
| earth System | All parts of earth that work together- land, water air, living things, and energy from the sun. |
| geosphere | The solid part of earth like rocks, mountains, volcanoes, soil and the layers. ( crust, mantle, and core). |
| hydrosphere | All water on Earth, oceans, rivers, lakes, groundwater and even water vapor in the air. |
| cryosphere | The frozen water part of the earth, snow, ice, glaciers, and frozen ground, for example: Antarctica and the North Pole. |
| atmosphere | The layer of gases around Earth that gives us air to breathe and protects the sun rays. |
| biosphere | All living things on earth like animals, people, plants and microorganisms. |
| energy Budget | The balance between the energy Earth receives from the sun and the energy it sends back to space. |
| air pressure | The weight of the air pressing down on Earth's surfaces. |
| thermosphere | The highest layer of the atmosphere where temperatures are very hot. |
| mesosphere | The layer of the atmosphere where meteors burn up. it's very cold in this layer. |
| stratosphere | The layer above the troposphere that contains the Ozone layer |
| troposphere | The lowest layer of the atmosphere where we live where weather happens. |
| Ozone layer | A part of the stratosphere that protects Earth from the Sun's harmful rays. |
| greenhouse effect | The process that protects Earth warm by trapping heat from the sun |
| temperature | how hot or cold something is. it measures the average energy of motion of the particles in a substance. |
| thermal expansion | the total energy of all the moving particles in an object. the more the particles move, the more thermal energy. |
| heat | the movement of thermal energy from something warm to something cooler |
| radiation | the transfer of heat through waves. like sunlight warming your skin. |
| convection | the transfer of heat by transfer of liquids or gasses. warm air rises and cold sinks |
| conduction | the transfer of heat between things that are touching. like a metal spoon getting hot in soup |
| wind | the movement of air from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure. |
| coriolis effect | the curving of wind and ocean currents caused by Earth's rotation. |
| jet stream | a narrow band of strong wings high in the upper atmosphere. |
| local wind | winds that blow over shot distances in small areas. |
| ocean current | a large stream of moving water that flows though the ocean. |
| surface current | ocean currents that move water near the surface, mainly caused by wind. |
| deep current | currents that flow far below the ocean surface, caused by differences in water temperature and saltiness. |
| convection current | the movement of water or air caused by warm, less dense material rising and cool, dense material sinking. |
| upwelling | a process where deep, cold, and nutrient-rich water rises to the surface. |
| thermal energy | the total kinetic energy of a substance's atoms |
| global wind | the movement of air over Earth's surface in patterns that are worldwide. |
Created by:
Alvarez Amy