Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Term2 Energy &Motion
Dynamics, Energy, Hydrostatics, Temperature and Power
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| State Newton's First Law of Motion. | If no resultant force is acted upon an object the object will stay stationary, however if the object is moving and no resultant force is acted upon the object it will continue to move in the same direction and the same speed. |
| State Newton's Second Law of Motion. | F=ma |
| State Newton's Third Law of Motion. | When two objects interact, the forces they exert on each other are equal in size and opposite in direction |
| What is Inertia? | The resistance of an object to change its motion. |
| Explain why a cannon ball, when fired from cannon does not continue to move with constant velocity. | Gravity acts and pulls down the canon ball downwards |
| Define Distance | Distance is the total length of the path traveled by an object. It is a scalar quantity and measured in metres (m). |
| Define Speed | Speed is the rate at which distance is covered. It is a scalar quantity. Speed=distance/time Symbol: m/s |
| Define Velocity | Velocity is the rate of change of displacement with time. It is a vector quantity. Velocity=Initial Velocity + acceleration x time : m/s (same as speed but with direction) |
| Define Acceleration | Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity with time. Acceleration=V-U/T m/s2 |
| Define linear momentum | Momentum is the product of the mass of an object and its velocity. It is a vector quantity. Momentum=Mass × Velocity (Kilogram metre per second) |
| Define what elastic collision is and state the formula | Elastic collision is when 2 objects collide and move in separate directions. Formula=m1u1+m2u2=m1v1+m2v2 |
| Define what inelastic collision is and state the formula | Inelastic collision is when 2 objects collide and move as one unit stuck together. Formula=m1u1+m2u2=(m1+m2) v |
| Define Displacement | Displacement is the straight distance between an object's starting point and its final position. |
| Define energy | Energy is the ability to do work. |
| Give examples of the various forms of energy | Kinetic energy – a moving car Potential energy – water stored in a dam Heat (thermal) – boiling water Sound energy – a speaker playing music |
| Define Potential Energy and state its formula | Potential energy is stored energy due to an object’s position E=mgΔh |
| Examples of Potential Energy | A rock at the edge of a cliff Water in a raised tank A stretched rubber band |
| Define Kinetic Energy and its formula | Kinetic energy is the energy a body has due to its motion. E=1/2mv2 |
| Examples of Kinetic Energy | A moving bicycle A thrown ball A speeding car |
| Define Work | Work is done when a force moves an object over a distance. Joule (J). W=force x distance |
| Law of Conservation of Energy | Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it can only be transformed from one form to another. |
| Define Power | Power is the rate at which work is done. (Watts) W P=energy/time |
| Define Efficiency | Efficiency is the ratio of useful output energy to the total input energy) x 100 Efficiency= Output/Input x 100% |
| Factors Affecting Efficiency | Friction (in machines – causes energy loss as heat) Heat loss (especially in electrical or mechanical systems) Air resistance (reduces kinetic energy efficiency) |
| True or False: A machine can be 100% efficient | F |
| True or False: A heavier object will always have more gravitational potential energy than a lighter object, regardless of height. | F |
| True or False: A falling object loses potential energy and gains kinetic energy in equal amounts, assuming no air resistance. | T |
| True or False: An object can have kinetic energy and potential energy at the same time. | T |
| Define pressure | Pressure is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area. (Pa/Nm2) Pressure=Force/Area |
| Examples of pressure | Air pressure exerted by the atmosphere. Pressure under a heel on the ground. Water pressure at the bottom of a swimming pool. |
| Define fluid | A fluid is a substance that can flow and take the shape of its container. It includes liquids and gases. |
| What is the formula for fluid pressure? | ΔP=ρgh |
| Define Archimedes’ principle | A body immersed in a fluid experience an upward buoyant force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the body. |
| Examples of Archimedes’ principle | Ships floating on water. Hot air balloons rising in air. Icebergs floating in the ocean. A person feeling lighter in a swimming pool. |
| True or False: If the buoyant force ≥ weight of the object, it floats. | T |
| True or False: If the buoyant force < weight, it sinks. | T |
| Define temperature: | A measure of how hot or cold something is |
| How do you change from Kelvin to Celsius? | C=K-273 |
| How do you change from Celsius to Kelvin? | K=C+273 |
| What is 0 degree Celsius in Kelvin? | 273 |
| What is a clinical thermometer used for and state its range. | Measuring human body temperature. Range: 34°C to 43°C |
| What is a laboratory thermometer used for and state its range. | Measuring temperatures in science experiments (e.g., liquids, chemical reactions, etc.) Range: Typically -10°C to 110°C (may vary depending on design) |
| What is a thermocouple thermometer used for and state its range. | Measuring very high temperatures and in industrial settings. Range: Varies by type but can go from -200°C to 1300°C or higher. |
| Define thermal energy | Thermal energy a body has due to the motion of its particles; it is also known as heat energy. |
| Explain the transfer of thermal energy by conduction: | Conduction is the transfer of thermal energy through a solid without the movement of the substance itself. It happens when faster-moving particles collide with slower ones, passing on energy. |
| Examples of conduction: | A metal spoon becoming hot when placed in a pot of boiling water. Ironing clothes—the heat travels from the hot iron to the fabric. |
| Explain the transfer of thermal energy by convection | Convection is the transfer of thermal energy in fluids by the movement of particles. |
| Examples of convection | Warm air rising from a heater and circulating around a room. Water boiling in a pot: hot water rises while cooler water sinks. |
| Explain the transfer of thermal energy by radiation: | Radiation is the transfer of thermal energy in the form of infrared waves without the need for a medium. It can occur in a vacuum. |
| Examples of radiation | The Sun’s heat reaching Earth through space. Feeling heat from a fire without touching it. |
| Explain good absorbers | Good absorbers take in heat energy quickly. Dark, dull, and rough surfaces absorb thermal radiation better than shiny or white surfaces. |
| Explain good emitters Good emitters release heat energy quickly. Dark, dull, and rough surfaces emit radiation more effectively than light or shiny ones. | Good emitters release heat energy quickly. Dark, dull, and rough surfaces emit radiation more effectively than light or shiny ones. |
| Define heat capacity, 𝐶 and state its formula. | Heat capacity is the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a body by 1°C 𝐸=𝐶Δ𝑇 |
| Define specific heat capacity, 𝑐. | The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1°C or 1 K. E=mcΔT |
| Define specific latent heat | The amount of heat energy needed to change 1 kg of a substance's state without changing its temperature. |
| Define Latent Heat of Vaporization | The amount of heat required to change 1 kg of a liquid to a gas without temperature change. |
| Define Latent Heat of Fusion | The amount of heat required to change 1 kg of a solid to a liquid without changing its temperature. |
Created by:
user-1953087