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Radiation
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 5 points that must be contained in the local rules for radiography? | 1 - Names RPS/RPA 2 - Summery of contingency plan arrangements 3 - Description of designated controlled area and dose investigation level 4- arrangements for pregnant staff 5 - Reporting system in the event of equipment failure 6 - Information of |
| 2 ways ALARP is implemented in the practice? | 1 - Only take films that are clinically necessary 2 - Clinical Audit |
| 2 ways of insuring the safe use of x-ray equipment? | 1 - turn of x-ray machine after each exposure 2 - stand 1.5-2m behind primary beam - use a collimator |
| 2 procedures that can be undertaken to ensure the radiographs then in the practice are of good quality? | 1 - carry out clinical audit 2 - step wedge test/use film holders |
| A fast film will mean a reduced exposure time - T OR F | True |
| What is the main role of the RPS? | - Carry out risk assessment of radiography equipment - Ensure compliance with local rules/IRR/IRMER |
| 3 pieces of information you would expect to find in a radiation protection file? | 1 - copy of local rules 2 - copy of staff qualification 3 - copy of radiography risk assessment |
| 2 reasons why it's important to have a quality assurance programme? | 1 - To ensure high quality film/image 2 - To prevent the need to retake film/image to ensure consistent diagnostic information sand keeping radiation as low as reasonably practicable |
| 2 reasons why it's important to maintain accurate and up-to-date records of x-ray film expiry dates? | 1 - To avoid using out of date films 2 - To use oldest stock first |
| 2 things and OPG radiograph would be taken to show? | 1 - impacted third molar 2 - unerupted teeth for orthodontic assessment |
| Describe the image you would see on a bitewing? | Crowns of upper and lower posterior (pre-molars and molars) teeth on one side |
| Describe the image you would see on a peri-apical? | The full tooth, crown, root and surrounding bone |
| 3 things a bitewing would usually be taken to show? | 1 - caries 2 - early bone loss 3 - overhanging restorations |
| 3 things a peri-apical should be taken to show? | 1 - caries 2 - bone loss 3 - working root length |
| What is used to capture the image in digital radiography instead of a film? | - Direct digital sensor - Phosphor storage plate |
| Which type of radiograph would be most appropriate to detect interproximal caries? | Bitewing |
| Why are film holders used when taking intra-oral views? | - Reduce risk of error - No radiation of patients hand/finger |
| What is a step wedge used for? | Test film to check density and contrast |
| 3 pieces of info that must be recorded to ensure that dental x-rays can be retrieved and identified for each patient? | 1 - Patients name 2 - Date film was taken 3 - Tooth x-rayed |
| What further info should be recorded in patients notes after date, operator, standard setting and justification? | 1 - Film Grade 2 - Type of film taken 3 - tooth x-rayed/ result of x-ray |
| 3 reasons why a radiography film may appear TOO DARK after processing? | 1 - Developer too hot 2 - Developer too strong 3 - In developer too long |
| 3 reasons why a radiography film may appear TOO PALE? | 1 - Developer too cold 2 - Developer too weak 3 - Inadequate time in developer |
| What indications are there when processing a x-ray film that the developer needs changed? | film too pale |
| 2 processing faults that may occurred if the radiograph appears blank? | 1 - Unexposed film 2 - Film put in fixer before developer |
| Why should a clean up film be used in an automatic processor? | To clean the transport system and helps the transport mechanism to run properly |
| 2 stages of clinical audit? | 1 - Grade film 2 - Correct fault |
| After processing the x-ray it's given quality assurance grade A, What does this mean? | - Acceptable diagnostic quality - No errors in exposure, positioning or processing |
| After processing the x-ray it's given quality assurance grade N , What does this mean? | - Not acceptable diagnostic quality - Some errors in exposure, positioning or processing |
| According to the legal persons procedures who undertakes the justification of individual exposures for all patients? | IRMER Practitioner |
| Who would the practice seek advice following a malfunction in the dental radiography equipment? | Radiation Protection Advisor (RPA) |
| What can be used to correctly orientate a bitewing for mounting? | The dimple on the facing outwards |
| What can be used to correctly orientate an upper peri-apical x-ray for mounting? | Root apex at top of film |
| How should radiographs be anatomically mounted? | Pimple facing outwards or pimple facing towards you |
| What might happen if radiograph is mounted wrongly? | - Patient may require a retake (more radiation) - patient may make a complaint |
| What is a Radiation Protection Advisor (RPA)? | - medical physicist who is appointed by the practice in writing - available to give advice in relation to both IRR and IRMER |
| Whats an operator? | Person who is entitled in accordance with the legal parsons procedures to carry out all or part of the practical aspects of a radiographic examination |
| What is a Radiation Protection Supervisor (RPS)? | A person responsible for ensuring local rues are adhered to and safe working within the practice |
| What is a Referrer? | a medical practitioner , dental practitioner or other health profession who is entitled by the legal persons procedures to refer individuals for medical exposure to an IRMER practitioner |
| When working with digital x-ray equipment what can be worn by staff to monitor radiation received? | Dose monitoring badge |
| Under which regulation required a digital radiograph quality assurance programme to be implemented? | IRMER |
| 4 ways to ensure radiography chemicals are handled safely? | - ensure staff are trained - always wear full PPE - store chemicals in appropriate labelled containers - ensure manufacturers instructions are followed |
Created by:
Eilidh2003