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Anatomy
Week 3- Cell Structure
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| This membranous organelle contains oxidase and catalase enzymes. | peroxisome |
| In the matrix of the plasma membrane, a variety of proteins are embedded. Some of these proteins serve as passageway for Na+ ions or glucose. These proteins are called | transport proteins |
| Which type of junction is formed when membrane channels of adjacent plasma membranes adhere to each other? | gap junction |
| Ribosomes may be either free within the cytoplasm or bound to a membrane system known as the | rough endoplasmic reticulum. |
| Phospholipids of the plasma membrane are arranged | as a bilayer with their nonpolar tails sandwiched between the polar heads. |
| This organelle is characterized by folded membranes called cristae. | mitochondria |
| Which area of the cytoplasm near the nucleus coordinates the building and breaking of microtubules in the cell? | centrosome |
| This organelle is primarily a sac of powerful digestive enzymes called acid hydrolases. | lysosome |
| This organelle is numerous in liver and kidney cells | peroxisome |
| Ribosomes are organelles that | float in the cytoplasm and attach to the endoplasmic reticulum. |
| This membranous organelle is the site of protein synthesis for proteins that are secreted by the cell. | rough endoplasmic reticulum |
| The inside of the cell is composed largely of a gel-like substance called | cytoplasm. |
| A spherical membrane-bound structure that contains the genetic material of the cell and is often referred to as the “command center” of the cell is the | nucleus. |
| This organelle primarily modifies products from the rough ER, and it resembles a stack of hollow saucers, one cupped inside the next. | Golgi apparatus |
| This organelle has both a cis and a trans face. | Golgi apparatus |
| Which of the following is not a cytoskeleton element? | centriole |
| Which of the following cytoskeleton elements are the largest in diameter? | microtubules |
| Often referred to as the “power plant” of the cell, which organelle is the site of ATP production? | mitochondrion |
| Which of the following statements about integral proteins in the plasma membrane is false? | They are more abundant by volume than the membrane phospholipids. |
| A major function of the cell membrane is to | control what enters and leaves the cell. |
| Which of the following is a type of cell extension that lines the intestines and other areas of the body? | microvilli |
| The outer boundary of a human cell is called the | plasma membrane. |
| Of the following, the only organelle that has a double membrane structure is the | mitochondrion. |
| The plasma membrane is composed of all of the following except | tubulin protein. |
| Cisternae of this organelle are continuous with the nuclear envelope. | rough endoplasmic reticulum |
| Main cell structures include all of the following except: | interstitial fluid. |
| ATP production occurs within which organelle? | Mitochondrion |
| The enzyme catalase is an important chemical in the functioning of the | peroxisomes. |
| Lysosomes perform autophagy. This means that they: Correct! | break down proteins and cytoplasm that are not needed by “self eating.” |
| Which of the following is not a function of the integral membrane proteins? | Acting as receptors.....Signal transduction .....Identification of “self” |
| The identification function of the cell membrane is carried out by the: | glycoprotein molecules |
| The cell extension that contains microfilaments is called: | microvilli. |
| DNA is a major constituent of which cell organelle? | Nucleus |
| The presence of which substance in the cell membrane keeps it from breaking too easily? | Cholesterol |
| Which organelles consist of vesicles that have pinched off from the Golgi apparatus | Lysosomes |
| The structure in cells that is associated with the enzymatic breakdown (digestion) of foreign material is the: | lysosome. |
| Which of the following is not a function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum? | Provides a site for ribosome attachment |
| Which of the following organelles is considered a nonmembranous organelle? | Ribosome |
| Which of the following is not true about ribosomes? | Surrounded by a membrane structure |
| The largest human cell, measuring about 150 μm, is a: | female sex cell or ovum. |
| The nucleolus is composed chiefly of: | rRNA. |
| Tiny indentations of the plasma membrane that resemble caves are called: | caveolae. |
| Skin cells (epithelial) are held tightly together by: | desmosomes. |
| The fundamental organizational unit of life is the: | cell. |
| A specialized cell structure that propels the sperm is the | flagellum. |
| Which cell fiber serves as part of our “cellular muscles | Microfilament |
| The inner membrane of what double-membrane structure is contorted into folds called cristae? | Mitochondrion |
| How do vesicles move from place to place in an organized way within the cell | Molecular motors pull them along the microtubules and microfilaments of the cytoskeleton |
| The structure that separates the contents of a cell from the surrounding tissue is known as | plasma membrane. |
| Which organelle processes and packages material to be secreted? | Golgi apparatus |
| The cell extension that assists epithelial cells in absorption is called: | microvilli. |
| The nucleus is the only structure in the cell that contains DNA | False |
| Which are the organelles that allow for the recycling of amino acids in the cell | Proteasomes |
Created by:
cendyb369