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English Study Guide
The Oedipus Cycle Study Guide
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Oedipus | King of Thebes, married his mother, killed his father. Tried to run away from fate and failed and ended up blinding himself due to his wife's suicide. |
| Creon | King of Thebes after Oedipus, he punished Antigone for breaking the law and burying her brother Polyneices, and in the end he witnessed his son kill himself, and his wife suicide because of his actions. |
| Jocasta | Wife/mother of Oedipus. She was wise, and smart, and ends up killing herself after finding out she was the mother/wife of Oedipus. |
| Antigone | Daughter of Oedipus, she helped Oedipus during his exile by exploring with him. She also went against Creon's decree and buried her brother Polyneices, and ends up killing hers |
| Teiresias | A blind prophet that can tell prophecies. Told the prophecy to Oedipus and Creon, but was called dumb, but ultimately was right. |
| Ismene | Daughter of Oedipus, sister to Antigone. She was too scared to bury Polyneices with Antigone, and was also the one to warn Oedipus and Antigone about the war between Polyneices/Etocles. |
| Chorus | Represents the citizens of Thebes, and is often very poetic. Also talks about their feelings about the events in the plays. |
| Shepard | Laios gave Oedipus to the Shepard to take to the side of the mountain but instead of doing so, he gave it to another Shepard. |
| Corinth | City in Greece, where Oedipus was born. |
| Laios | Father of Oedipus/Husband of Jocasta. Was given a prophecy that he will be killed by his son and left Oedipus at the side of the mountain, but he still got killed by Oedipus. |
| Polybos | Adoptive father of Oeidpus. |
| Merope | In Greek mythology Merope was one of the Pleiades--seven star-nymph daughters of the Titan Atlas. She was the wife the impious king Sisyphus |
| Theseus | Theseus is the king of Athens, greatly helped Oedipus in exile. |
| Polyneices | Son of Oedipus, brother to Eteocles, Antigone, and Ismene, was exiled by Eteocles because he wanted the throne, begged Oedipus to come back to Thebes to defeat his brother. Oedipus cursed the brothers to killing each other. |
| Eteocles | Son of Oedipus, brother to Polyneices, Antigone, and Ismene. Exiled Polyneices because he wanted the throne, and was the one who started the war, he also was killed by his brother due to Oedipus cursed. |
| Eurydice | Wife of Creon, killed herself because of Haimon's death. |
| The Furies | Powerful Goddesses of vengeance. Alecto punished family crimes, Megaera who punished those who broke oaths, offended the gods, and hate crimes, and Tisiphone brought vengefulness to those who were murdered and punished those who murdered. |
| Nemesis | Goddess of justice, retribution, and balance. Punishes those who are arrogant. |
| Dramatic Irony | When the audience knows more than the characters. The audience knows more of what's going on in the background that the characters realize. |
| Situational Irony | When you expect one thing, but get the opposite. You would expect an awarded cake carrier to not drop the cake, but when he does, then this is situational Irony. |
| Verbal Irony | When someone says the opposite of what they really mean. When someone says "great weather were having" when there is a storm, than this is verbal Irony because they do not really mean that statement. |
| Motiif | A reccuring idea or theme across a piece of literature. |
| Suppliant | A humble plea to someone in authority/ruler |
| Anagnorosis | The point where the protagonist goes through a realization of themselves. |
| Hubris | Excessive pride/arrogance |
| Harmatia | Fatal flaw that causes the downfall of the tragic hero. |
| Allusion | An allusion is a reference to a famous work such as a book, show, movie, play, song, poem etc. |
| Theme | A lesson that the audience should take from the literature. |
| Tragic Hero | A noble person that goes through a downfall. |
| Oracle | An oracle is a person or thing considered to provide insight, wise counsel or prophetic predictions, most notably including precognition of the future. |
| Prophecy | A prediction of someone's future life. |
| Soothsayer | Someone who is able to foresee the future. |
| Logo | Using logical reasons/facts to persuade someone. |
| Ethos | Using Creditability/trustworthiness to persuade someone. |
| Pathos | Using emotions to persuade someone. |
| Tragedy | An event of suffering and torture. |
| Catharsis | The cleansing of strong emotions. Usually happens to the audience after the play. |
| Freytag's Pyramid | Exposition, Rising Action, Complication, Climax, Reversal, Falling actions. |
| Peripetia | Peripeteia refers to a sudden and unexpected reversal of circumstances or a turning point in a literary work, particularly in drama. It signifies a change in fortune, often moving from a state of good fortune to bad fortune or vice versa. |
| Fate | The belief that your life's events is predetermined by higher power of authority. |
| Tyranny | cruel and oppressive government or rule. |
| Capitalistic | Capitalism is an economic system where private individuals or corporations own and control the means of production (like factories, land, and resources) and make decisions about what to produce, how to produce it, and for whom |
| Democratic | a system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives. |
| Socialistic | is a political and economic system where the means of production (land, factories, natural resources, etc.) are owned and controlled by the community or state, rather than by individuals or private corporations. |
| In Text-Citation (What should be included) | Parenthesis, page number, and title of work. |
| Conjunctions (Coordinating/subordinating | Coordinating conjunctions are also used to connect independent clauses together:A subordinating conjunction is used to connect an independent clause to a subordinate clause (also known as a dependent clause). |
| Dependent Clause/Independent Clause | an independent clause is a group of words that can stand alone as a complete sentence, while a dependent clause cannot stand alone and needs another clause to complete its meaning. |
| Complex/Compound Sentences | 2 independent clauses for a compound sentence. One independent and one dependent clauses for a complex sentence. |
| Capitization | Using an uppercase letter at the beginning of a word depending on the word. Uppercase for months, names, the letter I, etc. |
| Run-On Sentences vs Incomplete Sentences | Run-on sentences occur when two or more independent clauses are joined improperly with incorrect punctuation. Incomplete sentences, or fragments, lack a subject, predicate, or complete thought, making them unable to stand alone as a complete sentence. |
| Parts of a Paragraph | Introduction, 1st body paragraph, 2nd body paragraph, conclusion. |
| Apostrophe "s" vs. plural "s" | Apostrophe "s" shows possessive ownership of one person, while plural "s" is being owned by multiple people. |
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