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Physcis MCAS
MCAS vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Static Electricity | a stationary electric charge built up on an insulating material. |
| Electrostatic Field | an electric field associated with static electric charges, enabling one charge to exert a force on another charge. |
| Electron | a negatively charged, fundamental subatomic particle. |
| Proton | a positively charged elementary particle that is a fundamental constituent of all atomic nuclei |
| Neutron | an elementary particle having no charge found in the nucleus of an atom |
| Current | An electric current is a flow of charged particles, such as electrons or ions, moving through an electrical conductor or space. |
| Series Circuit | A circuit comprising of a single loop where electricity flows through each component. |
| Parallel Circuit | A circuit comprising of multiple loops where electricity flows in each alternative path. |
| Voltage | also known as electric potential difference, is the "push" or "pressure" that drives electric current (the flow of electric charge) through a circuit. |
| Resistance | the opposition a substance or device offers to the flow of electric current |
| Ammeter | a device used to measure the strength of an electric current, typically measured in amperes (amps) |
| Voltmeter | a device used to measure the strength of an electric current, typically measured in amperes (amps) |
| Multimeter | a device used to measure voltage, resistance and current |
| Magnetic Field | a region around a magnetic material or a moving electric charge within which the force of magnetism acts |
| Pole | region at each end of a magnet where the external magnetic field is strongest. Poles can be North or South. |
| Insulated | protected by a material that prevents the loss of heat |
| Conductor | a material that allows electrons or heat to move freely through it. |
| Kinetic Energy | the energy possessed by an object due to its motion |
| Specific Heat | the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one Celsius degree. |
| Frequency | the number of waves that pass a fixed point in unit time |
| Wavelength | the distance between two consecutive waves |
| Period | the time it takes for one complete cycle to occur |
| Oscillation | a repeated back and forth movement |
| Reflection | change in direction of a wavefront at an interface between two different media, causing it to bounce back |
| Refraction | the bending of light (or sound) as it passes from one medium to another |
| Diffraction | the bending or spreading of waves (like light or sound) as they pass around an obstacle or through an opening. |
| Electromagnetic wave | a form of radiation that consists of oscillating electric and magnetic fields, traveling through space at the speed of light |
| Mechanical wave | a disturbance that travels through a medium by transferring energy, where the medium's particles oscillate around their equilibrium positions |
| Transverse wave | a disturbance that travels through a medium by transferring energy, where the medium's particles oscillate around their equilibrium positions |
| Longitudinal wave | a disturbance that travels through a medium by transferring energy, where the medium's particles oscillate around their equilibrium positions |
| Vacuum | a space without matter or air |
| Magnetic Field | a disturbance that travels through a medium by transferring energy, where the medium's particles oscillate around their equilibrium positions |
| Momentum | a property of a moving body that the body has by virtue of its mass and motion and that is equal to the product of the body's mass and velocity |
| Kinetic Energy | the energy possessed by an object due to its motion |
| Gravity | the force that pulls all things with mass together. |
| Force | a push or pull that acts on an object, causing it to accelerate or change its motion |
| Net Force | the sum of all forces acting on an object |
| Speed | the rate at which an object's position changes, measured in meters per second |
| Velocity | a vector quantity that describes both the speed and direction of an object's motion |
| Acceleration | the rate of change of an object's velocity |
| Displacement | the change in an object's position, or equivalently, the difference between the object's final position and initial position. |
| Gravitational Field | a force field that exists around every mass or group of masses |
| Fission | a nuclear reaction where a heavy atomic nucleus splits into two or more lighter nuclei, releasing energy and often neutrons |
| Fusion | when two atoms slam together to form a heavier atom |
| Radioactive | the property of some unstable atoms (radionuclides) to spontaneously emit nuclear radiation, usually alpha particles or beta particles often accompanied by gamma-rays |
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