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Biodiversity
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define genetic diversity | Number and frequency of alleles in a population |
| Define species richness | Species richness and relative abundance |
| Explain what is meant by species richness | The number of different species |
| Define relative abundance | The proportion of each species in the community. |
| A dominant species will always affect species diversity | lowers species diversity |
| Name the 3 measurable components of biodiversity | 1. genetic 2. ecosystem 3. species diversity |
| Define ecosystem diversity | Number of ecosystems in a defined area, |
| Explain the effect of lowered genetic diversity caused by the bottleneck effect | Smaller population causes inbreeding depression which lowers reproductive success. This makes species less adaptable to changing environments. |
| Name the 3 stages of an invasive species | 1. Introduced 2. naturalised 3. invasive |
| Define an invasive species | spread rapidly and eliminates native |
| Define a naturalised species | When the new species becomes established in the new environment |
| Define an introduced species | When humans accidentally/intentionally transfer a species to a new area |
| Explain why the invasive species spreads rapidly | The new area is free from native predators |
| Explain why the native species is eliminated. | The invasive species preys on native/hybridises with native OR outcompetes native for resources |
| Describe the effect of the bottleneck effect on genetic diversity | Lowers genetic diversity |
| Describe the bottleneck effect | When a large population suddently becomes much smaller due to a natural disaster/over exploiting the species |
| Name 2 threats to genetic diversity | 1. over exploitation 2. bottleneck effect 3. habitat fragmentation |
| State the component of biodiversity an invasive species effects | Species diversity (relative abundance and OR species richness) |
| The term for when habitat fragments are linked by a bridge is termed a | habitat corridor |
| Habitat fragments increase or decrease genetic diversity | decrease genetic diversity |
| Habitat corridors increase or decrease genetic diveristy | increase genetic diversity |
| Explain why habitat corridors increase genetic diversity | They allow animals to move between fragments to increase access to food/mate OR to recolonise after local extinction |
| Degradation of fragments causes competition between edge and interior species to | increases |
| The smaller the fragment, the __________ the species diversity. | lower the species diversity |
Created by:
brightminds