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Nerve Impulse

QuestionAnswer
Explain what is meant by reaching threshold at the synapse. minimum number of receptors that have to bind to their receptor to generate an impulse.
In the presynaptic neuron the neurotransmitter is held in a vesicle
What causes the vesicle to move to the membrane and fuse with it An electrical impulse along the axon
After the neurotransmitter is released into the synapse it then diffuses across synapse and binds to post synaptic receptors
State one way the neurotransmitter is removed from the synapse enzyme or reuptake protein into pre synaptic neuron
Explain why it is important to remove the neurotransmitter from the synapse To prevent repeated stimulation
Name two neurotransmitters 1, endorphin 2, dopamine 3, noradrenaline 4. acetylcholine
The neurotransmitter that reduces pain intensity is endorphin
The neurotransmitter associated with pleasure is dopamine
Dopamine activates which part of the brain to reinforce pleasurable behaviour reward pathway
State an activity that would cause endorphins to be produced 1. sex 2. prolonged exercise 3. eating food
Name the chemical that mimicks the neurotransmitter at a synapse by binding to the receptor agonist
Name the chemical that binds to and blocks the neurotransmitter binding antagonist
Apart from an agonist drug, state another way the dopamine levels can be elevated in the synapse 1. enzyme inhibitor 2. reuptake inhibitor
Addiction is caused by antagonists
Agonist drugs long term cause tolerance
Antagonist drugs block receptors resulting in sensitisation of receptors
Agonist drugs taken repeatedly result in desensitisation of receptors
Which process results in cravings; addiction OR tolerance addiction
Name one way illegal drugs affect neurotransmission 1.mood 2. behaviour 3.emotion 4. cognition
Which process results in you needing to take more drug to get the same effect tolerance (desensitised receptors require more drug)
Illegal drugs activate the reward pathway releasing which neurotransmitter dopamine
Converging pathways enable threshold to be reached when there is a weak stimulus by summation of weak stimuli
Created by: brightminds
 

 



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