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unit 8 vocabulary
physics vocabulary unit 8
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Amplitude | the maximum extent of a vibration or oscillation, measured from the position of equilibrium |
| Compression | Part of a wave that pressed together |
| Crest | Height of a wave |
| Cycle | a complete set or series |
| Doppler Effect | an increase (or decrease) in the frequency of sound, light, or other waves as the source and observer move toward (or away from) each other. |
| Frequency | the rate at which a vibration occurs that constitutes a wave, either in a material (as in sound waves), or in an electromagnetic field (as in radio waves and light), usually measured per second. |
| Intensity | the average rate of flow of sound energy, |
| Interference | two waves superpose to form a resultant wave of greater, lower, or the same amplitude. |
| Longitudinal | a wave vibrating in the direction of propagation |
| Mechanical waves | produced when particles vibrate in a medium in which the wave propagates. |
| Medium | substance or material that carries a mechanical wave. |
| Oscillate | repeated back and forth movement of something between two positions or states. |
| Pendulum | swinging motion that is caused by gravity. |
| Period | interval between two peaks of activity in a cyclic process |
| Periodic motion | motion repeated in equal intervals of time |
| Pitch | the frequency of sound waves, |
| Rarefaction | reduction of an item's density, the opposite of compression |
| Reflection | the change in direction of a wavefront at an interface between two different media so that the wavefront returns into the medium from which it originated |
| Refraction | deflection from a straight path undergone by a light ray or energy wave in passing obliquely from one medium (such as air) into another (such as glass) in which its velocity is different. |
| Snell’s law | a law stating that the ratio of the sines of the angles of incidence and refraction of a wave is constant when it passes between two given media. |
| Standing wave | a vibration of a system in which some particular points remain fixed while others between them vibrate with the maximum amplitude |
| Transverse | a wave vibrating at right angles to the direction of its propagation |
| Trough | low point of a wave |
| Wavelength | the distance between successive crests of a wave, especially points in a sound wave or electromagnetic wave |
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