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Interviews & Reports
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Note-taking | The process of writing down information concerning an incident, event, activity, or statement |
Who? | Identifies individuals as victims, witnesses, suspects, or other. |
What? | The nature of an incident Prompted a response from law enforcement. |
Where? | A legal requirement that verifies the jurisdiction. |
When? | A legal requirement regarding the statute of limitation and the right to a speedy trial. |
Why? | Describes the reason for an incident and is sometimes called the "motive". |
How? | What object was used to commit the crime. |
Interview | A conversation with a person who has knowledge of an event or individual. Not an arrest situation, the person is free to leave. |
Statement | A person's permanent oral or written record that explains an incident. |
Oath | A solemn and formal promise to tell the truth regarding what one says or intends to do. |
Affirmation | A solemn and formal declaration which is usually taken to avoid the religious implications of an oath. |
Yes/No questions | Follow-up questions to clarify details. |
Leading questions | Steer a person's responses to a specific conclusion. |
Warm-Up Stage | Introduce yourself, establish rapport, and explain the purpose of the interview. |
Primary Stage | Information about the incident is gathered through use of open-ended questions. Close-ended questions are used for clarification. |
Closing Stage | Information is summarized and reviewed, contact information is verifyed. |
Mirroring | Appropriately matching another person's speech patterns, gestures, body language, mannerisms, or posture. |
Minimal Encouragers | Brief statements that indicate that you heard what the interviewee said and want to hear more. |
Cognitive Interviewing | Recreate the event, physically and psychologically, to enhance memory recall, using questions related to the five senses. |
Trauma-Informed Approach | Maintaining a demeanor that is reassuring, empathetic, and non-judgmental. |
Sworn Statement | They provide written or oral facts under oath or with a penalty of perjury. |
Interrogation | Consists of questioning initiated by law enforcement that is directly or indirectly intended to elicit an incriminating response. The person is detained and no longer free to leave. |
1966 Miranda v. Arizona | Put the burden of explaining the Fifth and Sixth Amendment rights on law enforcement officers. |
Custody | Deprival of freedom in a significant way. |
Ramirez v. State | Courts consider how the suspect was brought in, the setting and nature of questioning, the evidence presented, and whether the suspect was informed that they were free to leave. |
Quarles v. State | Simply reminding the suspect of their Miranda advisement is insufficient. |
Maryland v. Shatzer | If a suspect invokes their right to counsel but then is out of police custody for 14 days or more, this protection no longer applies, and police can legally try to interrogate them again. |
Report | A written document that gives information about an event, situation, occurrence, or incident. |
Noun | People, places, things, actions, qualities, and beliefs. |
Pronoun | Acts as a substitute for a noun. |
Verb | Expresses an action or state of being. |
Adverb | Describes, identifies, or quantifies a verb or adjective. |
Adjective | Describes a noun or pronoun. |
Preposition | Links words and phrases and provides temporal, spatial, and logical relationships. |
Conjunction | Connects words with other words or clauses (parts of sentences) with other clauses. |
Sentence Fragment | A group of words that lacks a subject, verb, or object (when one is needed) or fails to express a complete thought. |
Narrative | A detailed account of an incident and events related to the incident. |
Format | Refers to the way that information is organized and presented in the report. |
Standard English | Refers to the form of language used when speaking and writing wherever English is spoken/understood. |
Non-Standard English | Casual/Regional, may involve slang, and sometimes does not follow recognized grammatical rules or spelling. |
Jargon | Vocabulary used in a profession that has meaning only to the people who work in that particular field or profession. |
Slang | Informal, non-standard words are often used by regional or specific groups. |
Textspeak | It comes from text messages and digital communications and consists of abbreviations, acronyms, or initials. It does not follow standard grammar, spelling, or punctuation rules. |
Introduction | Date/Time, Location, ID Victim/Suspect/Complainant, Your Assignment, Arrival Time, Your Name, Your Initial Actions |
Body | Contains the narrative and a detailed chronological account of the incident. Includes investigative actions and the elements of the crime. |
Conclusion | Explains how you resolved the situation and describes how you handled the information you obtained. |