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PHYSIOLOGY

Biomolecules

QuestionAnswer
A triglyceride is composed of a glycerol molecule and three of the same type of fatty acid. False
Which of these is not a lipid? polysaccharide
RNA and DNA have the same pyrimidine bases but different purine bases. False
ATP is the form of energy that cells generally use.
In base pairing of DNA molecules, _____ is bound to _____. adenine; thymine
What determines how a protein performs? shape
Chaperone proteins assist in the proper folding of other proteins so they can have the correct functional shape. True
Which term means “water loving” and applies to the phospholipid head? hydrophilic
When two amino acids are joined, a peptide bond is formed and an H+ ion is released. False
The most important monosaccharide is glucose
The lipid that is often referred to as a tissue hormone is prostaglandin.
A saturated fatty acid is one in which all available bonds of its hydrocarbon chain are filled.
All proteins have which four elements? carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen
Any large molecule made up of many identical small molecules is called a(n) polymer.
DNA and RNA are important because information molecules
Proteins are polymers of amino acids.
Which of the following is polymer of glucose that is sometimes referred to as animal starch? Glycogen
A very large molecule composed of subunits of sugar, a nitrogen base, and a phosphate bond is a nucleic acid.
What term is often used to describe certain arrangements of atoms attached to the carbon core of many organic molecules? functional group
The carbon-containing molecules formed by living things are often called organic molecules.
Which of the following is not one of the major groups of organic substances in the human body? Salts
The element that is present in all proteins but not in carbohydrates is: nitrogen.
Which of the following is not true of carbohydrates? All of the above are true of carbohydrates.
Sometimes referred to as animal starch, _____ is the main polysaccharide in the body. glycogen
Humans can synthesize 13 of 21 basic amino acids; the remaining 8, which must be included in the diet, are called: essential amino acids.
Prostaglandins and steroids share which of the following characteristics? Both have a ring structure in their molecule.
Which level of protein structure refers to the number, kind, and sequence of amino acids? Primary
DNA: is a double-helix strand of nucleotides.
The types of lipids found that form hormones, such as cortisone, estrogen, and testosterone are: steroids.
The alpha helix is an example of which level of protein structure? Secondary
When two molecules of glucose are joined, they form which disaccharide? Maltose
Which lipid is part of vitamin D? Steroids
Amino acids frequently become joined by: peptide bonds.
The term glycoprotein, a combination of two words, tells you that the compound is made of _____, with _____ being the dominant component. carbohydrate and protein; protein
The roles played by proteins can be divided into which categories? Structural and functional
Which of the following is not true of both triglycerides and phospholipids? They both contain glycerol. They both contain fatty acids. They both contain a hydrophobic and hydrophilic end.
The amino group in an amino acid is: NH3+.
The formation of sucrose involves the removal of a molecule of water. This is called: dehydration synthesis.
Which energy-releasing or energy-transferring molecule does not contain a nucleotide? Creatine phosphate
What is the most important factor in determining the physical and chemical properties of fatty acids? Degree of saturation
Created by: kvcordero
 

 



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