Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
BSN 315
Parkinson's Drugs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetics of Carbidopa-Levodopa | Absorption PO: Well-absorbed Distribution PB (protein bound): Carbidopa: 36% Levodopa: Unknown Metabolism Metabolized in the periphery by decarboxylase enzymes and COMT Excretion In urine as metabolites |
| Pharmacodynamics of Carbidopa-Levodopa | ONSET: Immediate release: 30 minutes; extended release: 4-5 hours PEAK: Immediate release: 1-3 hours; extended release: 2-3 hours DURATION: unk HALF-LIFE: 1-2 hours |
| Pharmacokinetics of Rivastigmine | Absorption PO: Gastrointestinal (GI) track (faster on empty stomach) Distribution Protein binding: 40% Metabolism Metabolized by cholinesterase-mediated hydrolysis Excretion Urine |
| Pharmacodynamics of Rivastigmine | Onset PO: Unknown Transdermal: 0.5-1 hour Peak PO: 1 hour Transdermal: 8-16 hours Duration PO: Unknown Transdermal: 24 hours Half-life 1 hour |
| Which statement explains the action of carbidopa-levodopa? Carbidopa decreases symptoms of parkinsonism. Carbidopa inhibits the breakdown of dopamine at the synapses in the brain. Carbidopa inhibits the catechol-o-methyltransferase (COMT) enzyme, incre | Carbidopa prevents levodopa decarboxylation in the periphery, resulting in more levodopa being transported to the brain. With the use of carbidopa, less levodopa is needed because more levodopa becomes available for use within the brain. Carbidopa has no |
| Through which route is carbidopa-levodopa excreted? Liver Urine Bile Saliva | Urine |
| Affect dopamine content of the brain Dopaminergics Dopamine agonists Anticholinergics MAO-B inhibitors | Dopaminergics |
| Stimulate dopamine receptors of nerve cells in the brain Dopaminergics Dopamine agonists Anticholinergics MAO-B inhibitors | Dopamine agonists |
| Inhibit activity of acetylcholine Dopaminergics Dopamine agonists Anticholinergics MAO-B inhibitors | Anticholinergics |
| Inhibit activity of monoamine oxidase (MAO) Dopaminergics Dopamine agonists Anticholinergics MAO-B inhibitors | MAO-B inhibitors |
| Which statement correctly explains the action of rivastigmine? Interferes with the breakdown of dopamine Breaks down acetylcholine in the neuron receptors Increases availability of acetylcholine in the neuron receptors Reverses clinical manife | Increases availability of acetylcholine in the neuron receptors Rivastigmine effectively penetrates the central nervous system and increases the availability of acetylcholine in the neuron receptors. The result is improved cognitive function in patient |
| Which route of administration for rivastigmine results in a peak concentration between 8 and 16 hours? Oral Intravenous Transdermal Subcutaneous | Transdermal |
| Pre-Administration Assessment for Carbidopa-Levodopa | determine baseline data (vitals, labs, sx, able to do ADLs) Identify high risk patients |
| Contraindications and Interactions with Carbidopa-Levodopa | Contraindications: Glaucoma, malignant melanoma Cautions: History of myocardial infarction (MI), dysrhythmias, asthma, emphysema, renal/hepatic impairment, pulmonary impairment, seizure disorder, peptic ulcer disease, depression |
| 1.Which phrase describes a correct therapeutic goal for treatment of Parkinson’s disease? Cure Parkinson’s disease Delay the progression of Parkinson’s disease Improve the patient’s ability to carry out activities of daily living Return the patient’s | Improve the patient’s ability to carry out activities of daily living |
| 2.Which statement about carbidopa-levodopa is accurate? Carbidopa-levodopa should not be taken with food. Carbidopa-levodopa should not be stopped abruptly. High-protein foods should be consumed with every meal. A decrease in the symptoms of P | Carbidopa-levodopa should not be stopped abruptly. |
| 3.Which statement about the mechanism of action of carbidopa is accurate? Carbidopa has no therapeutic effect on its own. Carbidopa works by crossing the blood-brain barrier. Carbidopa aids in the breakdown of levodopa in the peripheral tissues. | Carbidopa has no therapeutic effect on its own. |
| 4.A nurse administers oral carbidopa-levodopa to a patient who has tremors caused by Parkinson’s disease. The nurse would expect to see the medication effect in which time frame? 1 hour 3 hours 5 hours 8 hours | 5 hours |
| 5.Which statement is accurate about the pharmacodynamics of topical rivastigmine? The patch should be applied three times daily. Peak action is 24 hours. Onset of action is 2 to 4 hours. Onset of action is 0.5 to 1 hour. | Onset of action is 0.5 to 1 hour. |
| 6.Which description of the therapeutic effect of rivastigmine is accurate? Improves memory Restores damaged neurons Improves oxygenation in the brain Increases antioxidants in the brain | Improves memory |
| 7.Rivastigmine must be used with caution in patients with which condition? Diabetes mellitus Peripheral vascular disease Asthma Hypothyroidism | Asthma |
| 8.A nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of a patient’s drug regimen for Alzheimer’s disease. Which assessment finding by the nurse would indicate that the drug is effective? Absence of dizziness Decrease in blood pressure from baseline Levels of alan | Improvement in mental status |
| 9.the nurse finds that the patient presents with hand tremors, drooling, and a mask-like facial expression. Which action would the nurse anticipate incorporating into the plan of care? Increase in medication dosage Decrease in medication dosage D | Increase in medication dosage |
| 10.Which foods would the nurse instruct a patient who is taking selegiline to avoid? Select all that apply. Honey, beer, and apples Boiled peanuts and hot dogs Grapefruit juice and tomatoes Aged cheeses Red wine Bananas | Aged cheeses red wine bananas |
| 11.The nurse is providing education to a patient taking carbidopa-levodopa. Which statement by the nurse correctly explains why the patient should take this medication with low-protein foods? "A high-protein diet will increase renal excretion of carbid | "High-protein foods interfere with transportation of this medication to the central nervous system." |
| 12.A patient taking an antihypertensive drug and carbidopa-levodopa tells the nurse that he or she is applying for a job that involves operating heavy machinery. Which information would the nurse share with the patient? "Perform exercises for lumbar su | "These medications together may increase your risk for hypotension, so you will need to use caution when operating heavy machinery." |
| 13.Which instruction is most important for the nurse to include when teaching a patient who has been prescribed sustained-released carbidopa-levodopa? "Take this medication with food." "Take this medication with low-protein foods." "Watch for adv | "Watch for adverse effects like dizziness and drowsiness." Adverse effects of carbidopa-levodopa include dizziness and drowsiness, which can lead to orthostatic hypotension and falls. Safety is the highest priority. |
| 14.Which statement related to carbidopa-levodopa and symptoms of dyskinesia would the nurse include in patient teaching? "Your dyskinesia will be cured by this medication." "Your dyskinesia will worsen with this medication." "It will take 3 to 5 | "It may take weeks or months before your symptoms are controlled." |
| 15.The nurse is preparing to administer rivastigmine to a patient. The prescription states to administer 8 mg b.i.d. The pharmacy sends four 2-mg tablets for the morning dose. Which action would the nurse take? Administer the medication. Call the ph | Call the health care provider for a prescription change. The maximum dose of rivastigmine is 6 mg b.i.d. The nurse would contact the health care provider for clarification of the prescription. |
| 16.Which effect may occur when theophylline and rivastigmine are administered together? Increased potassium levels Decreased blood glucose levels Increased risk for theophylline toxicity Increased risk for rivastigmine toxicity | The maximum dose of rivastigmine is 6 mg b.i.d. The nurse would contact the health care provider for clarification of the prescription. |
| 17.Which factor in a patient’s health history is most important for the nurse to consider with regard to treatment for Alzheimer’s disease using rivastigmine? Acid reflux Liver disease Prostate cancer Basal cell carcinoma | Liver disease |
| 18.A family member states, “My father complains of an upset stomach after taking rivastigmine.” Which response by the nurse is appropriate? “We may need to decrease his dose.” “Make sure he takes the medication with food.” “Make sure he takes the | “Make sure he takes the medication with food.” |
| 19.To evaluate the effectiveness of dopaminergic agents, the nurse would assess for which condition? Weight loss Correction of shuffling gait Improved memory and thinking Improvement in balance | Improvement in balance |
Created by:
adricela55