Question 1

Where and when was the transcontinental Railroad completed?

Accepted Answer

When; May 10th 1869
Promontory summit, in Utah

Question 2

why was the transcontinental railroad built?

Accepted Answer

to connect the nation, north to south.

Question 3

how did the government help the build the railroad?

Accepted Answer

Fund the railroad with companies, known as Central Pacific and Union Pacific.

Question 4

What were the challenges of Union Pacific Railroads?
Where did they Start?
Who were the workers?

Accepted Answer

Built across plains, tornadoes, winds, the bug Locusts. 
started building Westward from Omaha, Nebraska.
Irish immigrants

Question 5

What were the Challenges of the Central Pacific Railroads?
Where did they Start? 
Who were there workers?

Accepted Answer

made a tunnel in the rocky mountains, and dealt with the terrain.
eastward form Sacramento, California. 
Chinese immigrants.

Question 6

what were the 4 effects of the railroad on western Migration.

Accepted Answer

1) Standard time(4 times zones) 2) weakend natives 3) Linked nation economically.  4) Hunting of buffalo.

Question 7

Trace the effects of technology and geography on farming?
Where? Change?

Accepted Answer

Where: Great plains, Midwest 
Change: Invention of steel plow and mechanical reaper, barbar w

Question 8

what happened to the Tribes after the settlement of Indian-American conflict?

Accepted Answer

Tribes were forced into government lands, Poor condutions, lost traditional hunting grounds.

Question 9

What was the tribes resistance in the Indian American conflicts?

Accepted Answer

Sioux: Fought to protect the black hills, Won little big horn, Sitting bull died(Leader)
Nez Perce: tried to flee to Canada under chief Joseph.

Question 10

what was the Dawes act?

Accepted Answer

Law that broke Native lands into private plots. Weakened natives.

Question 11

Ghost dance/Wounded knee?

Accepted Answer

A dance promising the return to native ways and buffalo.

Question 12

what factor led to the end of Native American Culture?

Accepted Answer

American's moving to the great plains.

Question 13

What event marked the end of Natives resistance?

Accepted Answer

the Wounded Knee Massacre> involved nearly three hundred Lakota people killed by soldiers of the United States Army

Question 14

How did Cooperatives help Farmers?
How did Granges help Farmers?

Accepted Answer

1) Farmers formed to buy supply in bulk and sell crops together at better prices 
2) The started as a social group but turned into political force. they Pushed for education for farmers and better pay for there work.

Question 15

what political party United farmers, industrial workers, crafts men and anti-prohibitionist support during the Gilded age?

Accepted Answer

People/ Populist party

Question 16

What are reasons, Supporters, goals of the Populist party?

Accepted Answer

Reasons: Farming faced falling crops, Rising depts. Joined with workers and people who felt undermined by big companies. Supporters: Farmers, craftsmen(etc)
Goals: Gov. Control railroads, raise crop prices, tax based on wealth.

Question 17

what was freemen's Bureaus? were they successful?

Accepted Answer

It was established to help formerly enslaved, and Poor people in the south( food,schools, housing)......Overall successful.

Question 18

What were Black Codes? what did they do?

Accepted Answer

They were codes that restricted the African Americans from having there rights.

Question 19

what were president Lincoln reconstruction plans?

Accepted Answer

Aimed to rebuild the southern states after the civil war by enforcing military rule.

Question 20

What were Congress reconstruction plans?

Accepted Answer

Aimed to rebuild the southern states after the civil war by enforcing military rule.

Question 21

Explain the impact of the Civil war amendments? (13,14,15)

Accepted Answer

13) abolish slavery 
14) Born in the U.S you are a citizen of the U.S. 
15) African Americans have the right to vote.

Question 22

what were the Successes and failures of the reconstruction plan?

Accepted Answer

Successes) Freedmen's bureau, Enforcement of the 13, 14, 15. 
failures) Black codes, Segregation, sharecropping, kkk

Question 23

Define the Jim Crow laws? 
And just think of 3 examples :)

Accepted Answer

Segregation> separation of blacks and whites or race.

Question 24

What did the court decide in the Plessy v. Ferguson? what case undid that ruling?

Accepted Answer

That it's okay to be separate as long as the conditions are equal. 
Over-ruled by Brown v. Board of Education, which declared that segregation in public schools is inherently unequal and unconstitutional.

Question 25

Explain 3 ways that southerners kept blacks from voting?

Accepted Answer

Poll tax: had to pay a fee to vote
Literacy test: had to read and write to vote
Grandfather Clauses: if you grandpa voted, you can.

Question 26

What was share cropping? why was it bad?

Accepted Answer

Landowners, let formly enslaved people  use their land in exchange for a share of the crops.

Question 27

when and how did reconstruction end?

Accepted Answer

When: March 31, 1877
How: Compromise of 1877, Democrats agreed to let Republican Rutherford become president after a disputed election. In return, Republicans withdrew federal troops from the South.

Question 28

List the advantages  of the north and south before the war?

Accepted Answer

North: strong navy, large population, Industrial base
South; Motivation, Strong military, familiar are with landscape.

Question 29

which technologies had the biggest impact in the civil war?

Accepted Answer

Iron clade, Railroads, Trenches, Minnie balls. (IDK)

Question 30

list the border states? 
Why were they important?

Accepted Answer

Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri and west Virginia. 
whoever won the border states, would likely win the war.

Question 31

Significance Bull Run>>>>

Accepted Answer

First land battle of the civil war.

Question 32

Significance Shiloh >>>>

Accepted Answer

Union got access to Mississippi know as "Hornet nest"

Question 33

Significance Antietam >>>>

Accepted Answer

Bloodiest single day battle

Question 34

Significance Vicksburg >>>>

Accepted Answer

47 day siege force resident to live in caves on the side of a cliff.

Question 35

Significance Appomattox >>>>

Accepted Answer

the Surrender of the confederacy to the Union.

Question 36

tell me about the emancipation proclamation?
date?

Accepted Answer

the document that Lincoln used to abolish slavery in the south. the purpose was to weaken the confederacy. 
Date: January 1st 1863

Question 37

tell me about Gettysburg address?
date? Audience?

Accepted Answer

Lincoln's speech about equality for all, using the words of the declaration of independence, after the battle of Gettysburg. 
Date, November 19, 1863
Audience, the remaining people who were still fighting.

Question 38

tell me about total war?

Accepted Answer

A war tactic that was used by the north, to give the south nothing left to fight for. "search and seas"

Question 39

Stonewall Jackson.

Accepted Answer

Thomas Jackson, stood like a stone wall during the battle of bull run.

Question 40

Robert E Lee.

Accepted Answer

Leading general of the confederate army. Regarded as the best military general of U.S. history.

Question 41

Ulysses S. Grant.

Accepted Answer

General of the Union army, nicknamed "unconditional surrender"

Question 42

William Tecumseh Sherman.

Accepted Answer

Know for the "March to the sea" used total war and destruction of the south.

Question 43

what was the turning point of the war. Why were this considered the turning point.

Accepted Answer

Gettysburg, the Union won the battle against the confederacy, after the Union suffered many loses.

Question 44

what were the roles of women during the Civil war?

Accepted Answer

Nurses, Civilian volunteers, Writers.

Question 45

what was the "new Birth of freedom" referred to in the Gettysburg address?

Accepted Answer

A new nation, that if filled with the ideas of the declaration of independence,(equality, liberty)

Question 46

Cost of War for the north? Debt? Dead?

Accepted Answer

Debt, 2.6 billion 
dead, 260,000

Question 47

Cost of War for the south? Debt? Dead?

Accepted Answer

Debt; 1.4 billion
Dead: 258,000

Question 48

What killed most of the soldiers during the Civil war?

Accepted Answer

Disease.

Question 49

cause and effect for the Missouri Comp. 1820. Person?

Accepted Answer

C: Dispute over the expansion of slavery into new territories
E: Missouri entered as salve state and Maine a non-slave state. 
Person: Henry Clay

Question 50

Cause and effect for the comp. of 1850. Person?

Accepted Answer

C; debate over slavery in new land won from the Mexican-american war. 
E; California entered as free state. 
Person: Henry clay

Question 51

Cause and effect of Kansas-Nebraska act 1854? Person?

Accepted Answer

C:central cause was the attempt to organize the territories of Kansas and Nebraska E; bleeding Kansas

Question 52

political events leading to the civil war. (only 2)

Accepted Answer

Dred Scott: He used for his freedom after is owner took him to free territories. 
Harper's ferry: John Brown raid, he wanted to start a slave rebellion.

Question 53

Social events leading to the civil war.

Accepted Answer

Bleeding Kansas: Violence over free and slave states
uncle tom's cabin:  and abolitionist novel.

Question 54

who was John brown, what did he do? what was the effects of his actions.?

Accepted Answer

An American abolitionist during the civil war
He led a raid on Harpers ferry
He made tensions worse between the north and south.

Question 55

what were problems for American factory workers?

Accepted Answer

Low wages, long hours, bad conditions.

Question 56

Define Labor Union:

Accepted Answer

An organized association of workers to protect there rights and interests.

Question 57

Push/pull factors of immigration?

Accepted Answer

Push: war conflict, some decriminalization, lack of jobs.
Pull: Political and religious freedom.

Question 58

who were Nativists?
what political group did they form?

Accepted Answer

Natives born, should be prioritized over immigrants. 
Or who ever was here longer. 
Free soil party

Question 59

What were the reasons for German Immigrants leaving, where did they settle.  What were the reactions of U.S. people.

Accepted Answer

Reasons: lack of political freedom, Settle: Midwest (Ohio, Wisconsin) Reaction: Faced some suspicion. but viewed hard working.

Question 60

What were the reasons for Ireland Immigrants leaving, where did they settle.  What were the reactions of U.S. people.

Accepted Answer

Reason: Poverty, British oppression. Settle Northeast city(new York) Reaction: Faced anti-catholic seen as poor, unskilled.

Question 61

What were the reasons for Scandinavia Immigrants leaving, where did they settle.  What were the reactions of U.S. people.

Accepted Answer

Reason: poverty, over population. Settle: Upper Midwest(Minnesota) Reaction: seen as hard working welcome as farmers.

Question 62

Explain the second great awakening and its impact on the reform movement?

Accepted Answer

It spread religion and a number of reform movements, women's rights movements, education reforms.

Question 63

what was Dorothea Dix goal?

Accepted Answer

Improve treatment for the mentally ill and poor.

Question 64

what was Horace Mann Goal?

Accepted Answer

Free public education for all children. (pushed for trained teachers)

Final US history

Mr. upham 18 page stupid study guide

Question	Answer
Where and when was the transcontinental Railroad completed?	When; May 10th 1869 Promontory summit, in Utah
why was the transcontinental railroad built?	to connect the nation, north to south.
how did the government help the build the railroad?	Fund the railroad with companies, known as Central Pacific and Union Pacific.
What were the challenges of Union Pacific Railroads? Where did they Start? Who were the workers?	Built across plains, tornadoes, winds, the bug Locusts. started building Westward from Omaha, Nebraska. Irish immigrants
What were the Challenges of the Central Pacific Railroads? Where did they Start? Who were there workers?	made a tunnel in the rocky mountains, and dealt with the terrain. eastward form Sacramento, California. Chinese immigrants.
what were the 4 effects of the railroad on western Migration.	1) Standard time(4 times zones) 2) weakend natives 3) Linked nation economically. 4) Hunting of buffalo.
Trace the effects of technology and geography on farming? Where? Change?	Where: Great plains, Midwest Change: Invention of steel plow and mechanical reaper, barbar w
what happened to the Tribes after the settlement of Indian-American conflict?	Tribes were forced into government lands, Poor condutions, lost traditional hunting grounds.
What was the tribes resistance in the Indian American conflicts?	Sioux: Fought to protect the black hills, Won little big horn, Sitting bull died(Leader) Nez Perce: tried to flee to Canada under chief Joseph.
what was the Dawes act?	Law that broke Native lands into private plots. Weakened natives.
Ghost dance/Wounded knee?	A dance promising the return to native ways and buffalo.
what factor led to the end of Native American Culture?	American's moving to the great plains.
What event marked the end of Natives resistance?	the Wounded Knee Massacre> involved nearly three hundred Lakota people killed by soldiers of the United States Army
How did Cooperatives help Farmers? How did Granges help Farmers?	1) Farmers formed to buy supply in bulk and sell crops together at better prices 2) The started as a social group but turned into political force. they Pushed for education for farmers and better pay for there work.
what political party United farmers, industrial workers, crafts men and anti-prohibitionist support during the Gilded age?	People/ Populist party
What are reasons, Supporters, goals of the Populist party?	Reasons: Farming faced falling crops, Rising depts. Joined with workers and people who felt undermined by big companies. Supporters: Farmers, craftsmen(etc) Goals: Gov. Control railroads, raise crop prices, tax based on wealth.
what was freemen's Bureaus? were they successful?	It was established to help formerly enslaved, and Poor people in the south( food,schools, housing)......Overall successful.
What were Black Codes? what did they do?	They were codes that restricted the African Americans from having there rights.
what were president Lincoln reconstruction plans?	Aimed to rebuild the southern states after the civil war by enforcing military rule.
What were Congress reconstruction plans?	Aimed to rebuild the southern states after the civil war by enforcing military rule.
Explain the impact of the Civil war amendments? (13,14,15)	13) abolish slavery 14) Born in the U.S you are a citizen of the U.S. 15) African Americans have the right to vote.
what were the Successes and failures of the reconstruction plan?	Successes) Freedmen's bureau, Enforcement of the 13, 14, 15. failures) Black codes, Segregation, sharecropping, kkk
Define the Jim Crow laws? And just think of 3 examples :)	Segregation> separation of blacks and whites or race.
What did the court decide in the Plessy v. Ferguson? what case undid that ruling?	That it's okay to be separate as long as the conditions are equal. Over-ruled by Brown v. Board of Education, which declared that segregation in public schools is inherently unequal and unconstitutional.
Explain 3 ways that southerners kept blacks from voting?	Poll tax: had to pay a fee to vote Literacy test: had to read and write to vote Grandfather Clauses: if you grandpa voted, you can.
What was share cropping? why was it bad?	Landowners, let formly enslaved people use their land in exchange for a share of the crops.
when and how did reconstruction end?	When: March 31, 1877 How: Compromise of 1877, Democrats agreed to let Republican Rutherford become president after a disputed election. In return, Republicans withdrew federal troops from the South.
List the advantages of the north and south before the war?	North: strong navy, large population, Industrial base South; Motivation, Strong military, familiar are with landscape.
which technologies had the biggest impact in the civil war?	Iron clade, Railroads, Trenches, Minnie balls. (IDK)
list the border states? Why were they important?	Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri and west Virginia. whoever won the border states, would likely win the war.
Significance Bull Run>>>>	First land battle of the civil war.
Significance Shiloh >>>>	Union got access to Mississippi know as "Hornet nest"
Significance Antietam >>>>	Bloodiest single day battle
Significance Vicksburg >>>>	47 day siege force resident to live in caves on the side of a cliff.
Significance Appomattox >>>>	the Surrender of the confederacy to the Union.
tell me about the emancipation proclamation? date?	the document that Lincoln used to abolish slavery in the south. the purpose was to weaken the confederacy. Date: January 1st 1863
tell me about Gettysburg address? date? Audience?	Lincoln's speech about equality for all, using the words of the declaration of independence, after the battle of Gettysburg. Date, November 19, 1863 Audience, the remaining people who were still fighting.
tell me about total war?	A war tactic that was used by the north, to give the south nothing left to fight for. "search and seas"
Stonewall Jackson.	Thomas Jackson, stood like a stone wall during the battle of bull run.
Robert E Lee.	Leading general of the confederate army. Regarded as the best military general of U.S. history.
Ulysses S. Grant.	General of the Union army, nicknamed "unconditional surrender"
William Tecumseh Sherman.	Know for the "March to the sea" used total war and destruction of the south.
what was the turning point of the war. Why were this considered the turning point.	Gettysburg, the Union won the battle against the confederacy, after the Union suffered many loses.
what were the roles of women during the Civil war?	Nurses, Civilian volunteers, Writers.
what was the "new Birth of freedom" referred to in the Gettysburg address?	A new nation, that if filled with the ideas of the declaration of independence,(equality, liberty)
Cost of War for the north? Debt? Dead?	Debt, 2.6 billion dead, 260,000
Cost of War for the south? Debt? Dead?	Debt; 1.4 billion Dead: 258,000
What killed most of the soldiers during the Civil war?	Disease.
cause and effect for the Missouri Comp. 1820. Person?	C: Dispute over the expansion of slavery into new territories E: Missouri entered as salve state and Maine a non-slave state. Person: Henry Clay
Cause and effect for the comp. of 1850. Person?	C; debate over slavery in new land won from the Mexican-american war. E; California entered as free state. Person: Henry clay
Cause and effect of Kansas-Nebraska act 1854? Person?	C:central cause was the attempt to organize the territories of Kansas and Nebraska E; bleeding Kansas
political events leading to the civil war. (only 2)	Dred Scott: He used for his freedom after is owner took him to free territories. Harper's ferry: John Brown raid, he wanted to start a slave rebellion.
Social events leading to the civil war.	Bleeding Kansas: Violence over free and slave states uncle tom's cabin: and abolitionist novel.
who was John brown, what did he do? what was the effects of his actions.?	An American abolitionist during the civil war He led a raid on Harpers ferry He made tensions worse between the north and south.
what were problems for American factory workers?	Low wages, long hours, bad conditions.
Define Labor Union:	An organized association of workers to protect there rights and interests.
Push/pull factors of immigration?	Push: war conflict, some decriminalization, lack of jobs. Pull: Political and religious freedom.
who were Nativists? what political group did they form?	Natives born, should be prioritized over immigrants. Or who ever was here longer. Free soil party
What were the reasons for German Immigrants leaving, where did they settle. What were the reactions of U.S. people.	Reasons: lack of political freedom, Settle: Midwest (Ohio, Wisconsin) Reaction: Faced some suspicion. but viewed hard working.
What were the reasons for Ireland Immigrants leaving, where did they settle. What were the reactions of U.S. people.	Reason: Poverty, British oppression. Settle Northeast city(new York) Reaction: Faced anti-catholic seen as poor, unskilled.
What were the reasons for Scandinavia Immigrants leaving, where did they settle. What were the reactions of U.S. people.	Reason: poverty, over population. Settle: Upper Midwest(Minnesota) Reaction: seen as hard working welcome as farmers.
Explain the second great awakening and its impact on the reform movement?	It spread religion and a number of reform movements, women's rights movements, education reforms.
what was Dorothea Dix goal?	Improve treatment for the mentally ill and poor.
what was Horace Mann Goal?	Free public education for all children. (pushed for trained teachers)
What was Elizabeth Cady goal?	Demanded equal rights for all women (voting rights).
what was France Willard goal toward temperance?	To restrict the consumption of liquor and other alcohol. France Willard- activist.
what was Robert Owen goal (to do with Ideal societies)	Create perfect, cooperative societies with equality.
who was Frederick Douglass?	He became a leader for African American civil rights (freedom 400 slaves.)
What did William Lloyd Garrison do?	Helped lead a complain against slavery.
What did Lucretia Mott do?	Organized the anti- slavery society, and Spoke for women's rights.
who helped the growth and responses to abolition? Newpapers?	John brown, Frederick Douglass, John Adams Newpapers: The national era, Uncle tom's cabin.
Who settled in Oregon and why?	Pioneer families, missionaries, farmers WHy: Fertile land, mild climate, economic opportunity. Travel on Oregon trail.
who settled in Utah and why?	Mormons, Why: To escape religious persecution and find a safe place to practice their faith freely, Travel Mormon tail.
Who settle in California and why?	Gold seekers, why: Gold rush. Traveled by land (California Trail),
what geographic feature made overland wagon travel possible?	Platte river valley and south pass.
When and where was Gold discovered in California?	When: January 24, 1848, Discovered in Sutter's mill. (coloma)
how did America acquire Oregon? who did we get it from?	Great Britain
who said "54' 40"or Fight" and why?	The US should claim all of Oregon territory up to 54' 40" latitude line. who:James K. Polk
Texas revolution, Cause and effect?	Cause: tension between Anglo-american and the Mexican gov. Effect: Texas gaining independence from Mexico.
Mexican- American war, cause and effect?	Cause: The us annexation of Texas, disputed border between Texas and Mexico. Effect: we got 500000 Square miles of land.
why did people oppose the mexican-american war?	Concern about the expansion of slavery into new territories.
what led to the growth of democracy during the 1820s? Voting changes?	Lots more campaigning more voting turns out. (bro IDK)
Influence of the "common man"	Jefferson claiming that he is a common man, by working for his position (middle, poor class.)
Define spoils system?	Jackson way of "Spoiling" people who have supported him by giving them special privileges. (gov. positions)
what did Jackson want to do with the native Americans in the southeast and why?	He wanted native Americans to become civilized and to move them west of the Mississippi river.
name the 5 civilized tribes.	Cherokee, Choctaw, Creek, Seminole, Chickasaw.
Define the trail of tears?	Natives were forced to leave their home, west Mississippi river.
Explain, tariff of abominations?	A high protective tariff passed by Congress, to protect northern manufacturing industries from foreign competitions.
explain the Nullification crisis:	Crisis between South Carolina and the federal government due to Southern opposition to protective tariffs
What were Jackson and Van Buren's ideas toward the national bank?	Both opposed the national bank, Van wanted independent Treasury. Supported by Whigs. Jackson had mixed supports due to the veto.
What were Jackson and Van Buren's ideas toward the national bank?	Both opposed the national bank, Van wanted independent Treasury. Supported by Whigs. Jackson had mixed supports due to the veto.
cause and effects of the war 1812?	C=Impressment of American sailors, Interference with American trade. E=NA resistance weakened, manufacturing our own stuff.
Define Immpressment?	To force conscription on individuals
define warhawks?	A party that aggressive, advocating military action.
what factors increase industrialization?	Labor Supply, Lowell mills, Urbanization
Eli Whitney invented	interchangeable parts and the cotton gin
John Deere invented	polished steel plow
Robert Fulton invented	Steam ship
Cyrus McCormick Invented	mechanized reaper and harvester.
Samuel Morse invented	Morse code and the telegraph.
Samuel Morse invented	Morse code and the telegraph.
where were Early factories located?	Near fivers and waterways
how are the economies of the north and south connected?	railroads.
impact for the cotton gin (4 effects)	1) Increase amount of slaves 2) cotton more profitable and efficient 3) rely on slaves 4) fueled Westward expansion.
Describe the hierarchy of southern society?	Planters, Craftsmen, poor whites, slaves.
define nationalism>	Support towards your nation(pro America)
Define sectionalism>	More loyal to your section for the country then the whole country's interests.
Purpose of the Monroe doctrine, when was it issued>	Warned European powers not to interfere with the US. Issued on December 3, 1823, enforced by James monroe's.
what was the nickname for Monroe;s presidency and why?	the era of good feeling, because of national unity, and almost no conflict.
secretary of war- secretary of state- Secretary of treasury- Attorney general-	Henry knox Thomas jefferson Alexander hamilotn Edrnumnd Randolph
causes and effects of the Louisiana purchase?	C; transaction with France, purchased 828000 square miles, west of Mississippi river. E United States doubled in size.
Washington's Presidency? Foreign? domestic?	Foreign: Friendly Neutrality. He felt we could be pulled into there wars. Domestic: Protecting the independence to citizens avoiding bloody wars.
Adam's Presidency? Foreign? Domestic?	Foreign: XYZ affair increased tension with France. Domestic: Alien and sedition acts limited free speech and targeted immigrants.
Jefferson's Presidency? Foreign? Domestic?	Foreign: Louisiana purchase Doubled the size US Domestic: Reduced size of gov. promoted, state rights and ideals.
what Did Washington warn against in his farewell address?	1) To not exchange in forgiven affairs. 2) Importance of unity.
define Judicial review?	the ability to stop a law from being passed.
What supreme Court case established judicial review?	Marbury V. Madison.

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