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Thermochemistry

TermDefinition
calorimetry the process of measuring the amount of heat lost or gained in a chemical reaction
calorimeter An insulated device that contains a known mass of water and is used to determine the enthalpy change in a chemical reaction or process (such as dissolving ionic compounds or heat exchange in a metal)
enthalpy the energy stored in a substance
work the ability to cause motion or produce heat
heat of reaction the enthalpy change that occurs during a reaction; the difference between the PE of the reactants and the products
endothermic a process in which energy is absorbed from the surroundings; results in a decrease in temp
exothermic a process in which energy is released into the surroundings; results in an increase in temp
thermochemistry The study of thermal changes in chemical reactions
kinetic energy (KE) energy of motion
potential energy (PE) stored energy
catalyst a substance used during a reaction to lower the activation energy needed to cause the reaction to occur
kinetic-molecular theory all atoms are in constant motion
thermal energy kinetic energy of atoms; heat energy
activation energy the energy required to convert reactants into the activated complex
temperature a measure of the average kinetic energy of a substance
heat KE transferred between two substances because of a difference in temperature
specific heat the energy required to raise the temperature of 1 g of a substance 1 C
delta T the change in temperature; final temp - initial temp
q the heat absorbed or released in the heat equation
thermal equilibrium when two substances have the same average KE (same temp)
activated complex the short term, high energy, intermediate state during a chemical reaction when bonds are broken but new bonds are not yet formed.
enthalpy change the heat that passes into or out of a system during a chemical reaction or other process
Created by: vcanfield
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