Jefferson beat Adams; first peaceful transfer of power between political parties in U.S. history.

Louisiana Purchase (1803)

U.S. bought land from France, doubling its size and opening land for westward expansion.

Marbury v. Madison (1803)

Supreme Court case that established judicial review, allowing courts to strike down unconstitutional laws.

The power of the Supreme Court to decide if laws are constitutional.

Jefferson’s law stopping trade with all countries; hurt the U.S. economy badly.

War between the U.S. and Britain over trade and sailor impressment; ended in a draw but boosted nationalism.

Hartford Convention (1814)

Meeting of Federalists who opposed the war; it damaged their party’s reputation.

A time of political unity and nationalism after the War of 1812 during Monroe’s presidency.

Henry Clay’s plan to boost the U.S. economy with a national bank, tariffs, and internal improvements.

Missouri Compromise (1820)

Missouri became a slave state, Maine a free state, and slavery was banned above 36°30′ line.

Monroe Doctrine (1823)

U.S. policy saying Europe should stay out of the Americas; in return, the U.S. would stay out of Europe.

Big changes in the U.S. economy due to new transportation, factories, and farming methods.

Second Great Awakening

A religious revival that inspired reforms like abolition, temperance, and women’s rights.

A campaign to limit or ban alcohol use.

The movement to end slavery in the U.S.

Women’s Rights Movement

A push for gender equality; leaders included Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott.

Seneca Falls Convention (1848)

First women’s rights meeting; wrote the Declaration of Sentiments demanding equality.

President known for supporting the “common man,” expanding voting rights, and opposing the national bank.

Jackson’s political party; favored small government and states’ rights.

Formed in opposition to Jackson; supported the American System and a strong federal government.

Indian Removal Act (1830)

Law that forced Native Americans off their land; led to the Trail of Tears.

The forced march of Native Americans to lands west of the Mississippi; thousands died.

South Carolina tried to ignore federal tariffs; Jackson threatened force to uphold federal law.

Jackson’s fight to destroy the national bank, which he saw as favoring the rich.

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Term	Definition
Election of 1800	Jefferson beat Adams; first peaceful transfer of power between political parties in U.S. history.
Louisiana Purchase (1803)	U.S. bought land from France, doubling its size and opening land for westward expansion.
Marbury v. Madison (1803)	Supreme Court case that established judicial review, allowing courts to strike down unconstitutional laws.
Judicial Review	The power of the Supreme Court to decide if laws are constitutional.
Embargo Act (1807)	Jefferson’s law stopping trade with all countries; hurt the U.S. economy badly.
War of 1812	War between the U.S. and Britain over trade and sailor impressment; ended in a draw but boosted nationalism.
Hartford Convention (1814)	Meeting of Federalists who opposed the war; it damaged their party’s reputation.
Era of Good Feelings	A time of political unity and nationalism after the War of 1812 during Monroe’s presidency.
American System	Henry Clay’s plan to boost the U.S. economy with a national bank, tariffs, and internal improvements.
Missouri Compromise (1820)	Missouri became a slave state, Maine a free state, and slavery was banned above 36°30′ line.
Monroe Doctrine (1823)	U.S. policy saying Europe should stay out of the Americas; in return, the U.S. would stay out of Europe.
Market Revolution	Big changes in the U.S. economy due to new transportation, factories, and farming methods.
Second Great Awakening	A religious revival that inspired reforms like abolition, temperance, and women’s rights.
Temperance Movement	A campaign to limit or ban alcohol use.
Abolitionism	The movement to end slavery in the U.S.
Women’s Rights Movement	A push for gender equality; leaders included Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott.
Seneca Falls Convention (1848)	First women’s rights meeting; wrote the Declaration of Sentiments demanding equality.
Andrew Jackson	President known for supporting the “common man,” expanding voting rights, and opposing the national bank.
Democratic Party	Jackson’s political party; favored small government and states’ rights.
Whig Party	Formed in opposition to Jackson; supported the American System and a strong federal government.
Indian Removal Act (1830)	Law that forced Native Americans off their land; led to the Trail of Tears.
Trail of Tears	The forced march of Native Americans to lands west of the Mississippi; thousands died.
Nullification Crisis	South Carolina tried to ignore federal tariffs; Jackson threatened force to uphold federal law.
Bank War	Jackson’s fight to destroy the national bank, which he saw as favoring the rich.

Created by: user-1616632

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