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Final exam
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In order to provide the optimum nursing care, it is important for the nurse to know that the standard of pain and pain control is best determined by which person? | Patient |
| The nurse clarifies the basics of the gate theory of pain control. Which information should the nurse include? | The “gate” can be closed to pain by the use of nonpainful stimuli. |
| The nurse is caring for a patient who is having constant nociceptor pain. Which intervention best addresses the patient’s pain during the perception phase of pain? | Engage the patient in conversation regarding his family, hobbies, and plans following discharge from the facility. |
| The patient is experiencing phantom pain following the amputation of her foot. Which type of pain is most associated with phantom pain? | Neuropathic |
| The nurse explains that the pain threshold and pain tolerance are different. Which statement about the pain threshold is true? | Pain threshold is the point at which pain is perceived |
| The patient who had abdominal surgery this morning refuses the opioid pain medication for fear of addiction. How should the nurse respond? | “Fewer than 3% of people become addicted to drugs used for pain relief.” |
| The 40-year-old female who was diagnosed with a benign growth in her colon is concerned about the growth spreading. Which explanation best allays the patient’s anxiety? | “Benign growths are surrounded by fibrous tissue that prevents spread.” |
| The 26-year-old patient with a malignant neoplasm has experienced a 10-pound weight loss in 3 weeks. To which factor is this patient’s rapid weight loss most likely related? | The malignancy’s high nutritional demand |
| The nurse recognizes the staging T3, N2, M2 of the patient’s cancer. Which interpretation is correct? | Large tumor with extensive lymph node involvement |
| The nurse assesses several patients in the outpatient clinic. Which patient has the greatest risk for developing cancer? | The cotton farmer in Texas has the most exposure to carcinogens. Chemicals, pesticides, and sun are the carcinogens that this farmer has been exposed to for at least 33 years. |
| The nurse recognizes that smoking is a “promoter” that, although not a carcinogen itself, allows cancer to occur faster in the patients. Which factor is also a promoter of cancer? | Heavy alcohol intake |
| The nurse is caring for an x-ray technician who wears a badge that is monitored frequently to measure the amount of radiation he has absorbed. The nurse advises the technician that he has the highest risk for developing which type of cancer? | Leukemia |
| The nurse is outlining a diet that would be helpful in the prevention of cancer. Which instructions should the nurse include? | Eat a variety of citrus fruits |
| The nurse is advising a young college student who wants a tan before spring break. Which method is safest for the student to use? | Use a spray-on tanning solution |
| The nurse is educating the 40-year-old female patient about the American Cancer Society (ACS) recommendations for early detection of cancer. Which information should she include when teaching? | Obtain a mammogram every year. |
| The nurse assesses a man who is scheduled for a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test. The nurse understands that which situation could delay the test? | The patient reports having a recent urinary tract infection (UTI) |
| The nurse is planning care for the patient who is on a protocol of bleomycin. Since bleomycin is an antitumor antibiotic, which intervention should the nurse add to the care plan? | Monitor for cardiac arrhythmias. |
| . The nurse is caring for a patient with cancer who is receiving vincristine. Which precaution is most important for the nurse to take? | Administer a stool softener as ordered |
| The nurse is teaching a 50-year-old male patient who is taking estrogens as treatment of prostate cancer. The nurse should educate the patient about which expected side effect? | Gynecomastia |
| . The nurse is instructing a patient who is on a biologic response modifier (BRM) colonystimulating drug. The nurse teaches that about which desired action from this medication? | Enhanced recovery of bone marrow |
| The patient on radiation therapy has developed diarrhea. Which food should the nurse suggest to help slow the diarrhea? | Cheese and crackers |
| The nurse is constructing a teaching plan about fatigue management for a patient who is taking radiation treatments. Which information should the nurse include? | Prioritize activities and alternate rest with periods of activity. |
| A 32-year-old mother is undergoing radiation from a sealed-source modality and has been isolated in a private room for 3 days. How should the nurse best prepare for the patient’s 8- year-old twins to visit? | Put chairs in the hall for “long-distance” visitation. |
| Which statement indicates to the nurse that the 50-year-old male recently diagnosed with early stage cancer of the prostate has begun to accept his diagnosis? | “Do you have any current information on prostate cancer?” |
| Following a visit from his family, the 55-year-old male patient with terminal cancer tearfully says, “I am so afraid” and begins to cry. Which response is most supportive? | “Let’s talk about the things that make you afraid.” |
| . The family becomes distressed when the dying 85-year-old patient becomes delirious and laughs and talks with old friends who have long since died. Which intervention is most appropriate? | Encourage a family member to talk to the patient calmly. |
| The student nurse is teaching a community group about risk factors for colorectal cancer. Based on risk factors, which patient has the highest risk for developing colorectal cancer? | 29-year-old male who has had Crohn disease since the age of 13 |
| Which statement indicates that the patient understands teaching about diagnostic examinations for cancer? | “The doctor will monitor my ovarian cancer remission with the CA-125 test.” |
| The nurse is caring for a terminally ill cancer patient who is receiving palliative care. The patient’s wife asks how her husband’s pain will be controlled as he nears death. Which is the nurse’s best response? | Most of the time we can manage the pain with oral morphine and transdermal pain medication.” |
| Which description(s) is/are characteristic of a malignant neoplasm? (Select all that apply.) |
Created by:
melissaxof