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Northern mountains
4th Social Studies - Northern mountains
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Northern Mountains | Region covered in the sources, including states and union territories like Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Jammu and Kashmir, and Ladakh. |
| Himalayas | The mountain range in this region, meaning the 'abode of snow' in Sanskrit. |
| Vegetation | Plant life, which varies in the Himalayan region depending on altitude. |
| Mountain pass | A natural passage for movement across mountains. |
| Pilgrimage sites | Sacred places that people travel to as an act of religious devotion. |
| Jammu and Kashmir | One of the northernmost union territories of India. |
| Jammu | The winter capital of Jammu and Kashmir. |
| Srinagar | The summer capital city of Jammu and Kashmir. |
| Karakoram range | A mountain range that passes through Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh. |
| Pir Panjal Range | A mountain range that passes through Jammu and Kashmir. |
| Indus | An important river of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh. |
| Chenab | An important river of Jammu and Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh. |
| Sutlej | An important river of Jammu and Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh. |
| Jhelum | An important river of Jammu and Kashmir. |
| Jammu plains | Have a comparatively warmer climate compared to the mountain belt of Kashmir. |
| Kashmir mountain belt | Has very cold winters and warm summers. |
| Vegetation in Jammu and Kashmir | Varies by altitude from evergreen cedar, pine, spruce on hillsides and chinar in valleys to sparse vegetation. |
| Chinar | A tree found in the valleys of Kashmir. |
| Saffron | An aromatic spice obtained from a flower, grown in many parts of Kashmir. |
| Kangri | A small clay pot with lighted coal used in Kashmir to keep warm during winters. |
| Products of Jammu and Kashmir | Include handicrafts, furniture, woollen and silk carpets, embroidered shawls, and paper mache. |
| Dal Lake | Famous for its scenic location, shikaras, and 'floating vegetable market'; tourists live in houseboats here. |
| Shikaras | Boats that float on the Dal Lake. |
| Gulmarg | A place of interest for tourists in Kashmir. |
| Pahalgam | A place of interest for tourists in Kashmir. |
| Wular Lake | A place of interest in Kashmir. |
| Vaishno Devi | A place of religious importance (pilgrimage site) in Jammu and Kashmir. |
| Amarnath cave | A place of religious importance (pilgrimage site) in Jammu and Kashmir. |
| Kehwa | A local tea in Kashmir, made in local tea urns called samovars. |
| Samovars | Local tea urns used to make kehwa in Kashmir. |
| Phiran | The traditional loose kurta for men and women in Kashmir. |
| Ladakh | A union territory in India, the northernmost UT along with Jammu and Kashmir. |
| Kargil | One of the two districts of Ladakh. |
| Leh | The capital city of Ladakh and one of its two districts. |
| Zanskar | A river that flows through Ladakh. |
| Ladakh Range | A mountain range in Ladakh. |
| Zanskar Range | A mountain range in Ladakh. |
| Zoji la Pass | A mountain pass used for movement of people and goods in Ladakh. |
| Nathu la Pass | A mountain pass located in Ladakh used for movement of people and goods. |
| Ladakh | The highest plateau in India. |
| Ladakh | Known for its monasteries, valleys and lakes. |
| Altitude | The height above sea level. |
| Himachal Pradesh | A state in the Himalayan region, located south of Jammu and Kashmir. |
| Shimla | The state capital of Himachal Pradesh. |
| Beas | A river that flows through Himachal Pradesh. |
| Ravi | A river that flows through Himachal Pradesh. |
| Fir | A coniferous tree found in Himachal Pradesh. |
| Spruce | A coniferous tree found in Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand. |
| Pine | A coniferous tree found in Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand. |
| Deodar | A coniferous tree found in Himachal Pradesh. |
| Kullu shawls | A famous product of Himachal Pradesh. |
| Dussehra | The most important festival of Himachal Pradesh. |
| Kullu | A popular holiday destination in Himachal Pradesh. |
| Manali | A popular holiday destination in Himachal Pradesh. |
| Dalhousie | A popular holiday destination in Himachal Pradesh. |
| Uttarakhand | A state located on the southern side of the Himalayan range. |
| Dehradun | The capital city of Uttarakhand. |
| Gangotri glacier | Source of the river Ganga, located in Uttarakhand. |
| Yamunotri glacier | Source of the river Yamuna, located in Uttarakhand. |
| Oak | An evergreen tree found in the colder regions of Uttarakhand. |
| Cedar | An evergreen tree found in the colder regions of Uttarakhand. |
| Chestnut | An evergreen tree found in the colder regions of Uttarakhand. |
| Sal | A tree found in the lower regions of Uttarakhand. |
| Teak | A tree found in the lower regions of Uttarakhand. |
| Shisham | A tree found in the lower regions of Uttarakhand. |
| Dhak | Another name for Palash tree, found in the lower regions of Uttarakhand. |
| Palash tree | Another name for Dhak tree. |
| Tourism | A very important industry in Uttarakhand. |
| Rishikesh | A pilgrimage site and tourist attraction in Uttarakhand. |
| Laxman Jhula | Located over the river Ganga in Rishikesh, Uttarakhand. |
| Badrinath | A pilgrimage site in Uttarakhand. |
| Kedarnath | A pilgrimage site in Uttarakhand. |
| Hemkund Sahib | A pilgrimage site in Uttarakhand. |
| Ranikhet | A popular hill station/tourist attraction in Uttarakhand. |
| Nainital | A popular hill station/tourist attraction in Uttarakhand. |
| Mussoorie | A popular hill station/tourist attraction in Uttarakhand. |
| Auli | A popular hill station/tourist attraction in Uttarakhand. |
| Valley of Flowers | A popular tourist attraction in Uttarakhand. |
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