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unit 1 ap world
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What dynasty was China unified into? | Song Dyansty |
| what time period was the song dynasty in? | 1200-1450 |
| How did the Song Dynasty maintain and justify its rule? | Through confucianism, imperial bureaucracy, and buddhism |
| What is confucianism? | philosophy and system of thought and behavior that originated in ancient China, focusing on ethics, morality, and social harmony |
| What is Neo-confucianism | It is a syncretic religion combining buddhism, Daosism and confucianism |
| filial piety | the need that children must obey and honor their grandparents, parents, and ancestors |
| what is an example of how women's rights were stripped in song china? | foot binding, which is when they would have their toes binded backwards so that women were unable to walk this meant they could not walk to work and it represented the power men had over them |
| What was Song China's government they followed? | They created a merit-based bureaucracy or meritocracy |
| What is a bureaucracy? | government entity arranged in a hierarchical fashion that carries out the will of the emperor |
| what is the role of the emperor? | makes the rules |
| what is the role of the bureacracy? | makes sure everyone keeps and follows the rules |
| what were civil service exams? | an examination that allowed lower-class citizens the opportunity to rise into government positions through largely Confucian exams. |
| what was wrong with the civil service exams? | it was open to all socio-economic status but a man had to be rich enough to quit work and focus mainly on studying |
| how were neighboring states influenced by china's traditions? | Korea: used similar civil service exams and adopted buddhism |
| what is scholar gentry? | an elite class, primarily composed of educated officials who had passed the imperial examinations and were eligible to serve in the government. They were highly educated in Confucianism and literature |
| what was the song dynastys tribute system | Made other countries pay tribute to be able to trade and respect the emperor |
| where did hinduism and buddhism come to china from? | India |
| what were song china's commercial practices? | Iron production in China was ahead of its time and the greatest in the worlduses paper money to facilitate exchange, unlike a barter economy which uses goods as currency (first developed in China) |
| what led to an increase in agricultural development in song china? | Champa rice |
| which muslim branch spread islam? | Sufi |
| how did islam spread | merchants, trade, gunpowder |
| west africa islam | Merchants converted West Africans to Islam The ruler of Mali, Mansa Musa, went on the hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca) |
| Abbasid caliphate | Ethnically Arab Abbasid Caliphate started to break apart and form new Muslim empires (however, the dominant empires were led by ethnic Turks, not arabs) Abbasid empire needed help and so they brought in seljuk warriors |
| seljuk empire | Ethnically Turks Fought the Abbasid Caliphate and set up their own state (were in power of the religion) |
| what change happened in islam during the 1200-1450 | Arab Muslim empires were fading while Turkic Muslim empires rose up to replace them |
| turkic empires | Established sharia law Legal code based on Quran |
| what were the three belief systems of south and southeast asia | Hinduism Buddhism islam |
| what is the delhi sultanate? | Muslim state Created by Turks after they invaded North India efforts to convert Southern India Islam and Hinduism had varying beliefs and South India was largely Hindu Employed Jizya tax Made non-muslims pay taxes to live within their territor |
| what did they follow in hinduism? | the caste system which Determined a person’s class by birth |
| Southeast Asia | Was largely Muslim and Hindu This area ruled over sea-based trade routes |
| what is the bhakti movment? | a spiritual and social reform movement in medieval India that emphasized personal devotion to God over ritualistic practices. |
| what empires rose revolving around maritime trade | majapahit-established in 1293 Mostly Buddhist Khmer Empire Flourished because of complex irrigation and drainage systems. |
| Mesoamerica, Aztec empire | tribute system Conquered people were required to provide labor, contribution of goods such as food, animals, building materials, etc to the Aztecs Enslaved people played large role in their religions Many became candidates for human sacrifice |
| Andean civilizations, Inca | Developed an elaborate bureaucracy with rigid hierarchy of officials Mit’a system: required all people under their rule to provide labor on state projects such as farms, mining, military service, state construction projects, etc |
Created by:
lezzat