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Chemistry Final

This will cover chapters 8 and 10 of the entire semester

QuestionAnswer
What is Electron Configuration? It is a particular distribution of electrons among the avaliable subshells.
What is an Orbital Diagram? A diagram to show how the orbitals of a subshell are occupied by electrons.
What is the Pauli exclusion principle? It summarizes about experimental observations about that no two electrons in an atom can have the same four quantum numbers.
What is the Aufbau principle? It is a scheme used to reproduce the electron configurations of the ground states of atoms by successively filling subshells with electrons in a specific order. (s = 2, p = 6, d = 10, f = 14) (1s,2s,2p,3s,3p,4s,3d,5s,4d,5p,6s,4f,5d,6p,7s,5f)
What is Hund's Rule? It states that the lowest-energy arrangement of electrons in a subshell is obtained by putting electrons into separate orbitals of the subshell with the same spin before pairing electrons.
What is a paramagnetic substance? Is a substance that is weakly attracted by a magnetic field, and this attraction is generally the result of unpaired electrons.
What is a diamagnetic substance? Is a substance that is not attracted by a magnetic field or is very slightly repelled by such a field. This property generally means that the substance has only paired electrons.
A cation of +2 indicates that an element has? Lost two electrons.
When you see a (-) in an element that indicates what? Additional electron.
What is a ground state of an atom? It is the lowest-energy configuration of an atom.
In what group are Noble gases? In group 8A: Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton
What group are located the Halogens? Group 7A: Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine, Astatine, and Tennessine.
What group are located the Alkali Metals? Group 1: H, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr
What group are located the Alkaline Metals? Group 2A: Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra
What group are located the Chalcogens? Group 6A: O, S, Se, Te, Po
How many valence electrons do the halogens possess? 7
What is Molecular Geometry? It is the general shape of a molecule, as determined by the relative positions of the atomic nuclei.
What is the valence-shell electron-pair repulsion (VSEPR) model? It predicts the shapes of molecules and ions by assuming that the valence-shell electron pairs are arranged about each atom so that electron pairs are kept away from one another as possible.
What is the Valence bond theory? It is an approximate theory put forth to explain the electron pair or covalent bond by quantum mechanics.
What are hybird orbitals? Are orbitals that are used to describe the bonding obtained by taking combinations of the atomic orbitals of the isolated atoms.
What is a sigma bond? It has a cylindrical shape about the bond axis.
What is a pi bond? It has an electron distribution above and below the bond axis.
List the number of sigma bonds and pi bonds in a single bond? 1 sigma, 1 pi
List the number of sigma and pi bonds in a double bond? 1 sigma, 2 pi
There are ______ sigma bonds and _______ pi bonds in H3C-CH2-CH=CH-CH2-C-=CH. 16,3
Identify the number of electron groups around a molecule with sp hybridization? 1
What is Molecular orbital theory? Is a theory of the electronic structure in terms of molecular orbitals, which may spread over several atoms or the entire molecule.
Created by: maylee887
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