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Rdt 107 finals

QuestionAnswer
8 bones Cranial bones
Cranial bones divided into 2 Calvarium Floor
Form a protective enclosure for the brain Cranial bones
Calvarium 4 bones Frontal Right parietal Left parietal Occipital
Floor 4 bones Right temporal Left temporal Sphenoid Ethmoid
most readily visible Frontal bone
2 main parts of front bones Squamous or vertical portion (forehead) Orbital or horizontal portion ( superior part of the orbit)
Slight depression SUPRAORBITAL GROOVE (SOG)
corresponds to the floor of the anterior fossa of the cranial vault, SUPRAORBITAL GROOVE (SOG)
at the level of the orbital plate or the at the highest level of the facial bone mass SUPRAORBITAL GROOVE (SOG)
length of the eyebrow SUPRAORBITAL GROOVE (SOG)
The superior rim of each orbit SUPRAORBITAL MARGIN (SOM)
opening within the SOM slightly medial to its midpoint where the supraorbital nerve and artery pass through SUPRAORBITAL NOTCH (foramen)
larger, rounded prominence on each side of the squamous portion of the frontal bone above the SOG FRONTAL TUBEROSITY (eminence)
In ORBITAL or HORIZONTAL PORTION (Superior part of the orbit) the ff are seen SOMs, superciliary ridges, glabella, and frontal tuberosities
forms the superior part of each orbit ORBITAL PLATE
Separates the two orbital plates ● The ethmoid bone fits into this notch ETHMOIDAL NOTCH
4 cranial bones ↪ Parietals R and L (2) ↪ Ethmoid (1) ↪ Sphenoid (1)
The lateral walls of the cranium and part of the roof are formed by the two parietal bones PARIETAL BONES
Roughly square and have a concave internal surface PARIETAL BONES
The widest portion of the entire skull PARIETAL TUBERCLES
Location of parietal bones Frontal bones- anterior Occipital bone - posterior Temporal bones - inferior Greater wings of the sphenoid - inferior and superior
Articulation ( parietal bones) 5 cranial bones ↪ Parietal (1) ↪ Occipital (1) ↪ Sphenoid (1) ↪ Temporal (1) ↪ Frontal (1)
Forms the inferoposterior portion of the calvarium (skull-cap) OCCIPITAL BONE
A rounded part presented by the external surface of the occipital bone SQUAMOUS PORTION
Forms most of the back of the head SQUAMOUS PORTION
Superior to the external occipital protuberance or inion SQUAMOUS PORTION
The prominent bump or protuberance at the inferoposterior portion of the skull EXTERNAL OCCIPITAL PROTUBERANCE or INION
The large opening at the base of the occipital bone FORAMEN MAGNUM
Literally means “great hole” FORAMEN MAGNUM
These two lateral portions are oval processes with convex surfaces, CONDYLAR PORTIONS
Articulate with depressions on the atlas/C1 CONDYLAR PORTIONS
The two-part articulation between the skull and the cervical spine ATLANTOCCIPITAL JOINT
Form a pair of ellipsoid joints that permits flexion, extension, and a limited amount of lateral flexion and rotation. ATLANTOCCIPITAL JOINT
Articulation ( occipital bones ) 6 cranial bones Parietal (2) ↪ Atlas/C1 (1) ↪ Sphenoid (1) ↪ Temporal (2)
Complex structures that house the delicate organs of hearing and balance TEMPORAL BONES
Situated between the greater wing of the sphenoid bone anteriorly and the occipital bone posteriorly TEMPORAL BONES
Arch of bone that extends anteriorly from the squamous portion of the temporal bone ZYGOMATIC PROCESS
Meets with the temporal process of the zygomatic bone to form the easily palpated ZYGOMATIC PROCESS
Inferior to the zygomatic process and anterior to the external acoustic meatus (EAM) TEMPOROMANDIBULAR (TM) FOSSA
Where the mandible fits in to form the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) TEMPOROMANDIBULAR (TM) FOSSA
A slender bony projection that projects inferior to the mandible and anterior to the EAM STYLOID PROCESS
temporal bone is divided into three primary parts SQUAMOUS PORTION MASTOID PORTION Petrous portion
Thin upper portion that forms part of the wall of the skull → Most vulnerable portion of the entire skull to fracture Squamous portion
→ Area posterior to the EAM → Has a prominent mastoid process or tip → Many air cells are located within the mastoid process. Mastoid portion
→ AKA the PETROUS PYRAMID or PARS PETROSA → Houses the organs of hearing and equilibrium, including the mastoid air cells. → Sometimes called the petromastoid portion of the temporal bone as internally it includes the mastoid portio Petrous portion
The upper border or ridge of the petrous pyramids PETROUS RIDGE or PETROUS APEX
An opening or orifice near the petrous pyramid on the posterior surface just superior to the jugular foramen INTERNAL ACOUSTIC MEATUS (IAM)
○ located in the base of the cranium ○ where the internal jugular veins are formed and three cranial nerves (IX, X, XI) pass → serves to transmit the nerves of hearing and equilibrium. BILATERAL JUGULAR FORAMINA
ARTICULATIONS: (temporal bones ) 3 cranial bones Parietal (2) ↪ Occipital (1) ↪ Sphenoid (1)
2 facial bones Mandible Zygoma
The centrally located sphenoid bone forms the anchor for the other 7 cranial bones SPHENOID BONE
→ Central portion of the sphenoid bone → Lies in the midline of the floor of the cranium → Contains the sphenoid sinus BODY
→ Central depression on the body → Looks like a saddle at the side SELLA TURCICA (Turkish Saddle)
Partially surrounded and protected by the sella turcica → Master gland PITUITARY GLAND
Posterior to the sella turcica; back of the saddle DORSUM SELLAE
→ shallow depression that begins on the posteroinferior aspect of the dorsum sellae of the sphenoid bone → extends posteriorly to the foramen magnum at the base of the occipital bone CLIVUS
→ Smaller pair, triangular and nearly horizontal → Ends medially in the two anterior clinoid processes → Project laterally from the superoanterior portion of the body and extend to the middle of each orbit. LESSER WINGS
→ Extend laterally from the sides of the body → Form a portion of the floor of the cranium and a portion of the sides of the cranium. GREATER WINGS
Created by: dyd
 

 



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