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AICP
AICP Study Stack
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 2000 to 2010 census trends | -regional: south and west = fastest growing; midwest and northeast slowest growing-fastest state: NEVADA, Arizona, Utah, Idaho, Texas-MICHIGAN lost population-highest numeric growth: TEXAS-Nevada growth rate >25%-fastest metro area: PALM COAST, FL |
| 2010 to 2020 census trends | -nation grew at slowest rate since 1930s -UTAH fastest growing state -TEXAS largest numeric increase AGAIN -3 states declined: West Virginia, Mississippi, Illinois -fastest growing metro area: THE VILLAGES, FL |
| Low Income Housing Tax Credit | -implemented by state agencies and the IRS -caused an increase in the rise of homeownership -gives local and state agencies $ to issue tax credits for acquisition, rehabilitation, or new construction of rental housing targeted to lower-income households |
| Mortgage Interest Tax Deduction | -most successful housing act/legislation in encouraging home ownership -claim as a deduction on your taxes |
| HOME | -provides grants to state and local governments to create affordable housing for low-income households |
| Section 8 | -federally funded program to help low-income families -housing choice vouchers |
| Hope VI | -intended to revitalize the most distressed public housing projects into mixed-income developments -started with Columbia Point Housing Projects in Boston |
| Transect Planning | places the highest densities in the town center and less and less density toward edge |
| System Plans | sets the policies and programs for a specific network of community-wide facilities ex. sewer system |
| Sub-system Plans | detailed engineering plan for a sub-system of a community-wide facility |
| Site Plans | -plan for a specific component of a community-wide facility example: sewerage treatment plant, library |
| Strategic Plan | -plan for the organization -mission statements -SWOT analysis -develop goals, objectives, and strategies -develop implementation plan |
| Comprehensive Plan | -entire locality, long-term -1925 Cincinnati 1st place to adopt -contains: 1. description of existing conditions 2. statement of goals and objectives 3. description of future needs and proposals for meeting them |
| District Plans | similar to CP but more detailed and for smaller area |
| Zoning Overlays | superimposed on top of existing zoning districts -additional standards and review based on particular location in district |
| Floating Zones | -Unmapped zoning districts described in text of zoning -applied through rezoning approval of development |
| Planned Unit Development | -special type of floating overlay which isn't on map until requested and approved -allows flexibility in a mix of uses, intensities, and location |
| Cluster Development | -apply density limitations through lot sizes to entire development -flexibility in setbacks, roads, utilities -development concentrated on the site and the remainder of site is preserved |
| Transfer of Development Rights | yielding partial or complete right to develop in exchange for a right to develop another parcel more intensively |
| Performance Zoning | -performance standards regulate development by setting desired goals to achieve -allow any use that meets the set standard |
| Incentive Zoning | rewarded with additional intensity in exchange for a public benefit |
| Form Based Code | -goal is to achieve a specific urban form -creates a predictable public realm primarily by controlling physical form rather than use |
| Difference between subdivision and zoning ordinances | -zoning: type of use, density, dimensions -subdivision: pattern of development |
| Exactions | -public improvements provided by subdividers -3 kinds: -improvements and dedications of land -performance guarantees or bonds -fees in lieu -impact fees |
| Impact Fees | -similar to fee in lieu but not directly tied to any requirements/dedication of land -more easily applied to off-site improvements -collected with building permit -must meet Nollan and Dolan |
| Inverse Condemnation | -process of so regulation private property that a taking of property rights occurs without fair compensation |
| Adverse Posession | -when a person who does not have legal tithe to land occupies the land without permission of the legal owner |
| Prescriptive Easement | implied easement granted after the dominant estate has used the property in a hostile, continuous, and open manner for a statutorily prescribed number of years |
| Necessity Easement | -easement is reasonably necessary for use of the dominant estate -generally, when an owner must cross their neighbors; land to access the closest public road |
| Expressed Grant | easement where the servient estate grants the dominant estate the right to use a specific portion of their land for a particular use |
| Condemnation | government pays the property owner a "good faith estimate" of the condemned property's value |
| Goal | -value based statement describing a desired future condition -ex. Train the Chapter's planners to pass the AICP exam |
| Objective | -more specific, measurable statement of a desired end -ex. increase the chapter's AICP exam passage rate above the national average by 2015 |
| Policy | -rule or course of action that indicates how goals/objective should be realized -ex. develop a comprehensive Florida Chapter AICP exam prep training manual |
| Criteria | -measurable dimensions of objective used to compare how close each different policy alternative will come to meeting the goals |
| Measure | -the actual criteria measurements that will be taken of each proposed policy alternative -measures answers to criteria -ex. annually monitor the chapter's AICP exam passage rate by section |
| Mediators | -needs to keep conversation on track and understand cultural aspects -presents opening statement -opportunity for disputants' opening statements, and joint discussion |
| Facilitators | encourage everyone's opinions and make sure they do not make statements that could be seen as judgements |
| Arbitrators | -conduct a contested hearing between parties -can at as judge, rendering a binding decision |
| Visioning | -begins planning process -assemble sample of the community -create informal setting with impartial group leader -draft a preferred image of community's future -don't consider existing constraints - dream! |
| Oregon Model | -Steven Ames -5 steps 1. where are we now? 2. where are we going? 3. where do we want to be? 4. how do we get there? 5. are we getting there? |
| Citizen Juries | -randomly chosen group of citizens -group is briefed on the issues and asked to give input on development -basically, a poorly trained PC that may misunderstand tier role and vote on whether or not they "like" it |
| American Assembly | -steering committee of stakeholder leaders -stakeholder leaders select participants and topics, prepares background analysis -opening plenary -breakouts -browbeating to consensus -staff participation -closing plenary; voting for consensus or change |
| Charrette | -define issues, hone facts -instruct experts on expected outcomes -table working groups with maps -visual plans -compose a consensus plan -intensive and interactive |
| Citizen Advisory Committee | -more traditional; established by governing body -represents ideas of other local groups -advises planning agency or policy-making body |
| Samoan Circle | -modified fishbowl -inner circle should represent different viewpoints -people move between the inner and outer circle |
| Fishbowl | -small group conversation encircled by a larger group of listeners -citizens serve as a check on planner's or official's biases -good to vet "hot topics" |
| Brainstorming | -define issues ahead of meeting; develop facts -pick facilitator -identify group of experts -instruct experts on expected outcomes -round-robin contributions to get outcomes |
| Task Force | -agency-sponsored committee -appointed by CEO or elected officials -specific task related to a single problem -ex. community crime |
| Nominal Group | -small group discussion to reach consensus -define issue and background paper -choose expert/stakeholders -4 rounds 1. think 2.nominate/record 3.clarify/discuss 4.vote |
| Delphi Method | -group of experts -don't have to meet -define issue with background paper -correspond through mail, email, phone -facilitator synthesizes ideas into concrete proposals -iterations until consensus is reached |
| Economic Base Analysis | -evaluates local government conditions to determine future development options. Elements include: assessment of local economic growth potential in relation to trends-inventory of existing real estate market conditions -projection of trends in job growth |
Created by:
cschweiger