Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Neurology - EMT
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The nervous system is anatomically and functionally split into two divisions - What are they called? | The Central and Peripheral nervous systems |
| What two things make up the Central Nervous System (CNS)? | The Brain and Spinal Cord |
| What makes up the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)? | A complex network of nerves |
| Based on the direction in which a nerve cell conducts action potential, neurons split the PNS into two different divisions - what are they? | Sensory (afferent) & Motor (efferent) |
| Which way does sensory (afferent) send impulses? | They conduct action potential toward the CNS |
| Which way does Motor (efferent) send impulses? | They conduct action potential away from the CNS |
| What is the fundamental unit of the nervous system? | The neuron |
| What are the four parts of a neuron? | The Dendrites, Soma, Axon, and Synaptic Terminals |
| What are the two major divisions of the Efferent PNS? | Autonomic and Somatic |
| What are the two major divisions of the Autonomic Nervous System? | Sympathetic and Parasympathetic |
| What is considered to be the cell body of the neuron? | The Soma |
| What part of the neuron conducts impulses toward the Soma? | The Dendrites |
| What part of the neuron conducts impulses away from the Soma? | The Axon |
| A neuron joins with other neurons at junctions called? | Synapses |
| Neurons never come in direct contact with one another, instead they communicate via what? | Neurotransmitters |
| What is the primary neurotransmitter for the post synaptic terminals of the sympathetic nerves? | Norepinphrine |
| What is the primary neurotransmitter for the parasympathetic nerves? | Acetylcholine |
| How many bones make up the spinal column? | 33 |
| What are the protective membranes that cover the entire CNS? | The meninges |
| What is the outermost layer of the meninges? | The Dura Mater |
| What is the middle weblike layer of the meninges? | The Arachnoid Membrane |
| What is the innermost layer of the meninges? | The Pia Mater |
| The space between the Pia Mater and the Arachnoid Membrane is known as the: | Subarachnoid Space |
| The space between the Dura Mater and the Arachnoid Membrane is known as the: | Subdural Space |
| The space outside of the Dura Mater is known as the: | Epidural Space |
| What are the six major parts of the brain? | The Cerebrum, Diencephalon, Mesencephalon, Pons, Medulla Oblongata, and the Cerebellum |
| The Mesencephalon is also known as the: | Midbrain |
| The Diencephalon is also known as the: | Interbrain |
| Where is the area of speech located at in the cerebrum? | Temporal lobe |
| Where is the vision of speech located at in the cerebrum? | Occipital |
| Where is the personality of speech located at in the cerebrum? | Frontal lobes |
| Where is the area of balance and coordination located at in the brain? | Cerebellum |
| Where is the area of sensory located at in the cerebrum? | Parietal lobes |
| Where is the area of motor located at in the cerebrum? | Frontal lobes |
| The brain receives about _____ % of the body's total blood flow per minute. | 20 |
| The brain consumes approximately _____% of the body's available glucose. | 25 |
| What two vascular supply systems provide blood flow to the Circle of Willis? | The carotid and vertebrobasilar systems |
| What part of the brain coordinates fine motor movement, posture, equilibrium and muscle tone? | The cerebellum |
| The spinal cord leaves the brain at the medulla and proceeds through an opening called the __________________. | Foramen Magnum |
| How many pairs of nerve fibers exit the spinal cord as it descends and enters the peripheral nervous system? | 31 |
| Dorsal roots of the spinal cord contain what type of nerve fibers? | Afferent (sensory) |
| Ventral roots of the spinal cord contain what type of nerve fibers? | Efferent (motor) |
| Each nerve root has a corresponding area of skin, called a __________________, to which it supplies sensation. | Dermatone |
| How man cranial nerves are there? | 12 |
| What are the four categories of peripheral nerves? | Somatic sensory, somatic motor, visceral sensory, and visceral motor. |
| A malfunction or damage of the peripheral nerves is termed: | Peripheral neuropathy |
| What is a "Structural Lesion" in the CNS? | It is a tumor |
| What is the maximum number of points that can be awarded using the Glasgow Coma Scale? | 15 |
| What is the minimum number of points that can be awarded using the Glasgow Coma Scale? | 3 |
| The Glasgow Coma Scale is broken down into what different parts? | Eye Opening, Best Verbal Response, and Best Motor Response |
| What is the maximum amount of points that can be awarded to the "Eye Opening" category of the Glasgow Coma Scale? | 4 |
| What is the maximum amount of points that can be awarded to the "Best Verbal Response" category of the Glasgow Coma Scale? | 5 |
| What is the maximum amount of points that can be awarded to the "Best Motor Response" category of the Glasgow Coma Scale? | 6 |
| What is a "Brain Attack?" | It is another word/phrase for a stroke |
| What are the two types of strokes? | Ischemic (infarction) and Hemorrhage |
| Of the two types of strokes, which one is more common? | Ischemic (About 85% of all strokes) |
| What are the two types of Ischemic strokes? | Embolic and Thrombotic |
| What does the Los Angeles Prehospital Stroke Screen include that the Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale doesn't? | Glucose monitoring |
| Symptoms of a TIA usually last how long? | Usually a few minutes or for several hours, but usually resolve completely within 24 hours. |
| A __________________ is a temporary alteration in behavior due to a massive electrical discharge of one or more groups of neurons in the brain. | Seizure |
| A Tonic-Clonic seizure is also known as a: | Grand mal seizure |
| An absence seizure is also known as a: | Petit mal seizure |
| What type of seizures is also known as a "hysterical seizure" and stems from psychological disorders? | Pseudoseizures |
| What type of seizure occurs very briefly (10-30 seconds) and results in loss of awareness, eye or muscle fluttering, and occasionally loss of muscle tone? | Absence |
| The period after a seizure where the patient my be awake but is very confused is known as: | Postictal |
| The phase of a Grand Mal seizure characterized by the tensing of the muscles is known as? | Tonic phase |
| The phase of a Grand Mal seizure characterized by the rhythmic muscle spasms/movement is known as? | Clonic phase |
| The phase of a Grand Mal seizure characterized by extreme muscular rigidity, including the hyperextension of the patients back is known as? | Hypertonic phase |
| A seizure characterized by chaotic movement of dysfunction to one are of the body is known as a _________________ seizure. | Simple partial seizure (also known as a focal motor seizure or a Jacksonian seizure) |
| An ________________ is a subjective sensation that might precede a seizure. | Aura |
| A series of two or more generalized motor seizures without an intervening return of consciousness is known as? | Status Epilepticus |
| Headaches that usually occur one-sided the are sudden and severe and may continue for 15 minutes to 4 hours are known as: | Cluster headaches |
| A vascular headache that can last from several minutes to several days and presents with intense, throbbing pain, photosensitivity, nausea, vomiting and sweats is known as a: | Migraine |
| A headache that patients often awake with and gets worse throughout the day is termed a: | Tension headache |
| A headache that is brought on by a tumor, an infection, or a disease of the brain is known as a: | Organic headache |
| Trigeminal neuralgia is also known as: | Tic doloureux |
| Neoplasm is a term used to describe what? | The growth of a tumor |
| A condition that results from damage or injury to the brain, brainstem or spinal cord and is characterized by burning, aching, tingling, or a "pins and needles" sensation is known as: | Central Pain Syndrome |
| A neural defect that results from the failure of one or more of the fetal vertebrae to close properly during pregnancy is known as: | Spina Bifida (SB) |
Created by:
Krista.anthony