A chronic neurological disorder with recurrent, unprovoked seizures due to abnormal electrical activity in the brain.

A seizure that starts in one area of the brain; can be simple (no loss of consciousness) or complex (impaired awareness).

A seizure that involves both sides of the brain; examples include tonic-clonic, absence, myoclonic, and atonic seizures.

A type of generalized seizure with loss of consciousness, muscle stiffening (tonic), jerking (clonic), and post-ictal confusion.

A type of generalized seizure characterized by a sudden, brief lapse in awareness and staring, often seen in children.

A type of generalized seizure that involves brief, sudden, shock-like muscle jerks.

A type of generalized seizure characterized by a sudden loss of muscle tone, which can lead to falls.

A type of focal seizure where there is no loss of consciousness, but motor, sensory, or autonomic symptoms may occur.

A type of focal seizure where awareness is impaired, and automatisms like lip-smacking may be present.

A medical emergency defined as a seizure lasting longer than 5 minutes or having more than one seizure without recovery in between.

Electroencephalogram; a diagnostic test used to detect abnormal electrical activity in the brain.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging or Computed Tomography; imaging tests used to rule out structural brain lesions.

Antiepileptic drugs; medications used to prevent or reduce the frequency of seizures (e.g., Phenytoin, Levetiracetam).

A class of medications (e.g., Lorazepam, Diazepam) often used as first-line treatment for acute seizures or status epilepticus.

Nursing interventions to ensure patient safety during and after a seizure, such as maintaining airway and preventing injury.

The state immediately following a seizure, which can involve confusion, drowsiness, and other neurological deficits.

A subjective warning sensation (e.g., visual, auditory, olfactory) that some individuals experience before the onset of a seizure.

Factors that may increase the likelihood of seizures in individuals with epilepsy, such as sleep deprivation or alcohol.

Taking prescribed antiepileptic medications consistently as directed to prevent seizure recurrence.

A mnemonic for seizure precautions: Suction, Airway, Fall prevention (bed low, padded rails), Evaluate timing/type.

A mnemonic for seizure priorities: Time it, Oxygen PRN, Nothing in mouth, Injury prevention, Confused after (post-ictal).

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Seizures

Question	Answer
Epilepsy	A chronic neurological disorder with recurrent, unprovoked seizures due to abnormal electrical activity in the brain.
Focal Seizure	A seizure that starts in one area of the brain; can be simple (no loss of consciousness) or complex (impaired awareness).
Generalized Seizure	A seizure that involves both sides of the brain; examples include tonic-clonic, absence, myoclonic, and atonic seizures.
Tonic-Clonic	A type of generalized seizure with loss of consciousness, muscle stiffening (tonic), jerking (clonic), and post-ictal confusion.
Absence Seizure	A type of generalized seizure characterized by a sudden, brief lapse in awareness and staring, often seen in children.
Myoclonic Seizure	A type of generalized seizure that involves brief, sudden, shock-like muscle jerks.
Atonic Seizure	A type of generalized seizure characterized by a sudden loss of muscle tone, which can lead to falls.
Simple Focal	A type of focal seizure where there is no loss of consciousness, but motor, sensory, or autonomic symptoms may occur.
Complex Focal	A type of focal seizure where awareness is impaired, and automatisms like lip-smacking may be present.
Status Epilepticus	A medical emergency defined as a seizure lasting longer than 5 minutes or having more than one seizure without recovery in between.
EEG	Electroencephalogram; a diagnostic test used to detect abnormal electrical activity in the brain.
MRI/CT	Magnetic Resonance Imaging or Computed Tomography; imaging tests used to rule out structural brain lesions.
AEDs	Antiepileptic drugs; medications used to prevent or reduce the frequency of seizures (e.g., Phenytoin, Levetiracetam).
Benzodiazepines	A class of medications (e.g., Lorazepam, Diazepam) often used as first-line treatment for acute seizures or status epilepticus.
Seizure Precautions	Nursing interventions to ensure patient safety during and after a seizure, such as maintaining airway and preventing injury.
Post-ictal	The state immediately following a seizure, which can involve confusion, drowsiness, and other neurological deficits.
Aura	A subjective warning sensation (e.g., visual, auditory, olfactory) that some individuals experience before the onset of a seizure.
Triggers	Factors that may increase the likelihood of seizures in individuals with epilepsy, such as sleep deprivation or alcohol.
Medication Adherence	Taking prescribed antiepileptic medications consistently as directed to prevent seizure recurrence.
SAFE	A mnemonic for seizure precautions: Suction, Airway, Fall prevention (bed low, padded rails), Evaluate timing/type.
TONIC	A mnemonic for seizure priorities: Time it, Oxygen PRN, Nothing in mouth, Injury prevention, Confused after (post-ictal).

Created by: Wasurenboh

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