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Anatomy Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| When many similar cells specialize to perform a certain function, it is referred to as a(n): | tissue |
| A sagittal section divides the body into _____ portions. | right and left |
| Molecules are: | atoms combined to form larger chemical aggregates. |
| The mediastinum contains all of the following except the: | right lung |
| An x-ray technician has been asked to make x-ray films of the liver. Which of the abdominopelvic regions must be included? | Right hypochondriac, epigastric, and left hypochondriac |
| The process of the digestion of food is an example of which type of reaction? | decomposition |
| Which of the following represents properties of water? | All of the above. high specific heat, high heat of vaporization, and strong polarity |
| Which of the following represents a trace element in the body? | iron |
| Atomic mass is determined by the number of: | protons and neutrons |
| A magnesium atom has an atomic number of 12, an atomic mass of 25, and a +2 charge. This atom would contain _____ protons, _____ neutrons, and _____ electrons. | 12;13;10 |
| Which of the following is not one of the major elements present in the human body? | zinc |
| Carbon has an atomic number of 6. The number of electrons found in the first shell is: | two |
| The study of metabolism includes examination of: | all of the above. catabolism, anabolism, and ATP requirements |
| An example of an element would be: | Ne |
| Which of the following is not true about ribosomes? | Surrounded by a membrane structure |
| The enzyme catalase is an important chemical in the functioning of the: | peroxisomes |
| A specialized cell structure that propels the sperm is the: | flagellum |
| DNA is a major constituent of which cell organelle? | nucleus |
| A list of the cell fibers from largest to smallest would read: | microtubules, intermediate filaments, microfilaments. |
| The identification function of the cell membrane is carried out by the: | glycoprotein molecules. |
| Which of the following is not true of the rough endoplasmic reticulum? | it makes lipids and carbohydrates |
| Around the sixth month of pregnancy, the developing fetus is almost entirely covered by a fine soft hair coat called the | lanugo |
| The two main layers that compose the skin are the dermis and | epidermis |
| Mesoderm interacts with endoderm and ectoderm to give rise to | all of the above. the heart, skeletal muscles, and mesenchyme |
| Which of the following is not a principal type of tissue? | cardiac |
| The most abundant and widespread tissue in the body is | connective |
| The dermis is composed of two layers, a thin papillary layer and a thick _____ layer. | reticular |
| Which of the following tissues lack a direct blood supply and consequently heals very slowly? | cartilage |
| The skin glands include three kinds of microscopic glands. They are the __________ glands. | sweat, sebaceous, and ceruminous |
| The _____ junction “glues” the epidermis and dermis together and provides mechanical support for the epidermis. | dermoepidermal |
| If you are working on an archeological dig and find the remains of a human pelvis with a subpubic angle of 110 degrees, you can assume that this pelvis belongs to a | female |
| The very small bone that lies just posterior and lateral to each nasal bone is the | lacrimal |
| The most common type of cartilage is | hyaline |
| The two bones that form the framework for the forearm are the | radius and ulna |
| Bone marrow is a specialized type of soft, diffuse connective tissue called | myeloid tissue |
| The muscle that flexes the semipronated or semisupinated forearm is the: | brachioradialis. |
| The posterior arm muscle that extends the forearm is the: | triceps brachii |
| The flexor muscles that move the fingers are mostly located on the: | anterior medial surface of the forearm. |
| The origin of a muscle is on the femur, and the insertion is on the tibia. When it contracts, it bends the knee. Which of the following is true? | The knee is acting as a fulcrum |
| The linea alba is a band of connective tissue that runs over the rectus abdominis from the xiphoid process to the pubis. | true |
| Just as individual bones are the organs of the skeletal system, individual muscles are the organs of the muscular system. | true |
| The origin of a muscle is on the femur, and the insertion is on the tibia. When it contracts, it bends the knee. Its fibers run parallel to the body. Which of the following terms might be part of its name? | both A and C. oblique and femoris |
| When an athlete injures a muscle of the hamstring group, the injury is on the: | posterior thigh |
| In pushing (pressing) a weight from shoulder height to above the head, which of the following muscles is least utilized? | biceps brachii |
| Which of the following statements is incorrect? | all of the above |
| In the human nervous system: | there are almost equal numbers of glia cells and neurons. |
| Small distinct regions of gray matter in the CNS are called: | nuclei |
| One of the components of the blood-brain barrier is: | astrocytes |
| Which of the following is the deepest connective tissue layer of a nerve? | endoneurium |
| Which is true of a reflex arc? | It always consists of an afferent neuron and an efferent neuron. |
| Which of the following compounds cannot cross the blood-brain barrier? | dopamine |
| The white matter of the nervous system is made up of: | myelinated fibers. |
| Most unipolar neurons are usually: | sensory nuerons |
| The nervous system is organized to do which of the following? | all of the above |
| Dendrites conduct impulses _____ cell bodies. | toward |
| A patient complains of numbness in the skin of the buttocks and the posterior surface of the thigh and leg. The spinal nerve or peripheral branch most likely involved with this condition is the _____ plexus. | coccygeal |
| The part(s) of the cerebrum associated with anger, fear, and sorrow is (are) the: | limbic system |
| The autonomic nervous system includes only efferent neurons. | false |
| There are _____ ventricles in the brain. | four |
| The brain has _____ major divisions. | six |
| Spinal nerves are _____ fibers. | motor and sensory |
| Cerebrospinal fluid is found in all of the following except the: | subdural space |
| The spinal ganglion can be found on the _____ of the spinal nerve. | dorsal nerve root |
| Cerebrospinal fluid circulates through the ventricles, into the central canal, and _____, and is absorbed back into the blood. | subarachnoid space |
| The sensory cranial nerves include only the: | olfactory, optic, and vestibulocochlear. |
| Which endocrine gland stores enough of its hormone extracellularly to last several months? | the thyroid |
| Bony labyrinth structure containing the utricle and saccule. | vestibule |
| Region of the hypophysis that contains secretory endocrine cells derived from the oral ectoderm. | adenohypophysis |
| The hormone produced by the heart | increases the excretion of sodium in the urine. |
| Which of the following minerals is essential for the formation of thyroid hormone? | iodine |
| Endolymph is made | in the stria vascularis. |
| Melanin-containing layer of the eye's vascular tunic. | choroid |
| Transparent mucous membrane covering the inner surface of the eyelid. | conjunctiva |
| The anatomical stalk of the pituitary is also known as | infundibulum. |
| Endocrine gland of the thorax that is also important in immune function. | thymus gland |
| Atria are often called _____ because they receive blood from vessels called veins. | receiving chambers |
| From which vessels do myocardial cells receive blood? | coronary arteries |
| After blood leaves the lungs and returns to the heart, it enters the | left atrium |
| The normal cardiac impulse that initiates mechanical contraction of the heart arises in the | SA node |
| Which division of the autonomic nervous system sends fibers to the heart? | both A and B. sympathetic and parasympathetic |
| The _____ is(are) supplied with blood from the left subclavian artery. | head and upper extremities |
| The outermost layer of the larger blood vessels is the tunica | adventitia. |
| A decrease in the amount of white blood cells is called | leukopenia |
| About half of the lymph flowing through the thoracic duct comes from the: | both A and B. liver and small intestine |
| Lymph capillaries called lacteals are located in the: | small intestine |
| Adaptive immunity, part of the body’s third line of defense, is orchestrated by two different classes of a type of white blood cell called the | lymphocyte |
| A type of blood cell produced by lymph nodes is called a(n) | monocyte |
| Because T cells attack pathogens more directly, T-cell immune mechanisms are classified as _____ immunity. | cell-mediated |
| The tonsils located near the posterior opening of the nasal cavity are called the _____ tonsils. | pharyngeal |
| The lymph nodes located just above the bend of the elbow are called the _____ lymph nodes. | supratrochlear |
| Which of the following is not a lymph organ? | pancreas |
| Antibodies are proteins of the family called | immunoglobulins |
| The primary organ of the lymphatic system is the | thymus |
| The structures that deflect air as it passes through the nose are called | conchae |
| The lower border of the cavity of the larynx is formed by the: | cricoid cartilage. |
| All of the following are true regarding the structure of Surfactant except: | produced in the main stem bronchus |
| The eustachian tube connects the middle ear with the: | nasopharynx |
| Which of the following is true of the cribriform plate? | It separates the nasal and cranial cavities. |
| Which of the following is not part of the respiratory membrane? | Ciliated respiratory mucosa |
| Which of the following is not lined with a ciliated mucous membrane? | vestibule |
| The numerous small elevations on the surface of the tongue that support taste buds are called: | papillae |
| The part of the colon that lies in the vertical position, on the left side of the abdomen, extending from a point below the stomach and spleen to the level of the iliac crest is the _____ colon. | descending |
| Bile is secreted by: | hepatic cells |
| The type of tissue designed for absorption and secretion found throughout much of the GI tract is _____ epithelium. | simple columnar |
| Which of the following structures is anatomically the longest? | ileum |
| An incision into the wall of the GI tract would cut, in order, from superficial to deep: | serosa, muscularis, submucosa, and mucosa. |
| The extrinsic tongue muscles differ from the intrinsic tongue muscles in that the _____ outside the tongue. | extrinsic muscles insert into the tongue but have their origin |
| Substances travel from the glomerulus into the glomerular capsule by the process of: | filtration |
| Which hormone tends to decrease the amount of urine produced? | both B and C. aldosterone and ADH |
| Which of the following ions is not normally secreted into the distal or collecting tubules? | sodium |
| Which structure of the kidney narrows as it exits the kidney to become the ureter? | renal pelvis |
| One difference between the male urethra and the female urethra is the male urethra is: | part of two different body systems. |
| Approximately how much blood flows through the kidneys per minute? | 1200 ml |
| The normal osmotic pressure of the capsular filtrate is _____ mm Hg. | 0 |
| Which of the following is not a normal function of the kidneys? | regulate blood sugar |
| A portion of the nephron that can lie within the medulla is the: | nephron loop |
Created by:
brittholloway