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Dental Fund. Ch 18
Dental Fundamentals Chapter 18: Microbiology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| A(n) _______________ is a virus that is hidden during the latency period. | Provirus |
| What are the three primary shapes of bacteria? | Coccus (round or spherical) Bacillus (rod-shaped) Spirillum (spiral or curved) |
| Disease-producing microorganisms are termed _______________. | Pathogenic |
| A(n) _______________ is a single-celled microscopic animal without a rigid cell wall. | Protozoa |
| Very tiny infectious agents that do not contain DNA or RNA are _______________. | Prion |
| True or False: Viruses are not killed by the use of antibiotics. | True |
| _______________ is a respiratory disease caused by type A viruses. | H1N1 |
| _______________ are non–disease-producing microorganisms. | non-pathogenic |
| Some bacteria can change into a highly resistant form called _______________. | Spore(s) |
| The study of microorganisms is _______________. | Microbiology |
| There is a vaccination available for which of the following forms of hepatitis? | Hepatitis A, B, D |
| Who is known as the father of microbiology? | Louis Pasteur |
| Bacteria that are not consistently stained during the four step staining process, are termed_____________? | Gram variable |
| How are prions different from other microorganisms? | They contain only protein and no nucleic acids |
| _______________ is a yeast infection of the oral mucosa. | Oral candidiasis |
| _______________ is spread by mosquitoes. | West Nile |
| Herpes simplex type 2 is also known as _________________. | Genital herpes |
| _______________ is a bacterium that is resistant to some antibiotics. | MRSA |
| ____________________ used a primitive microscope to observe stagnant water as well as scrapings from the teeth. He was able to see what he called "animalcules". | Leeuwenhoek |
| The first oral indicator of syphilis is ________________? | A cold sore, a chancre sore |
| What is the term for bacteria that require oxygen to grow: | Aerobes |
| Which type of Hepatitis is transmitted via the fecal/oral route? | A, E |
| What is the most resistant form of bacterial life? | Spores |
| Hepatitis B can survive outside of the body for at least ___________ days and can still be capable of transmitting disease. | 7 |
| Which of the following forms of hepatitis is blood-borne? | B, C, D |
| _______________ organisms are capable of causing a serious disease. | Virulent |
| This virus can be spread from a pregnant woman to the fetus and possible cause a birth defect called microcephaly. | Zika virus |
| True or False: Viruses are larger than bacteria. | False, Bacteria are larger than viruses |
| What is the name of the staining process for separating bacteria? | Gram's test |
| Bacteria that grow in the absence of oxygen and are destroyed by oxygen are _______________ | Anaerobes |
| _______________ is a virus necessary for co-infection with HDV. | HBV |
| _______________ is a rare chronic brain disease with onset in middle to late life (40 to 60 years). | Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease |
| Who was the first to record that microorganisms are responsible for hospital-acquired infections? | Joseph Lister |
| Organisms that can grow in the presence or the absence of oxygen are _______________. | facultative anaerobes |
| Who is credited for discovering the rabies vaccine? | Louis Pasteur |
| Why is it important for the dental assistant to understand microbiology? | The dental assistant gains an understanding to infection control |
| _______________ are a variety of bacteria that require oxygen to grow. | Aerobes |
| Bacteria cause which of the following diseases? | Tetanus, Syphillus, Tuberculosis |
| _________________ is the primary infection and __________________is the reactivation of the illness. | chicken pox, herpes zoster |
| Pontiac fever is a type of which disease? | Legionnaires disease |
| Bacteria cause which of the following oral diseases? | Dental caries, Periodontal disease |
| Staphylococci | Cocci that form irregular groups or clusters. |
| Streptococci | Cocci that form chains as they divide. |
| Tyndallization | Intermittent, or fractional, sterilization. |
| Percutaneous | Through the skin, such as a needle stick, a cut, or a human bite. |
| Pathogens | Disease-producing microorganisms. |
| Methicillin-resistant | Staphylococcus aureus. type of infection that is resistant to some antibiotics. |
| Latent | Dormant. |
| H1N1 | Form of swine influenza virus. |
| Endospores | Resistant, dormant structures formed inside of some bacteria that can withstand adverse conditions. |
| Protozoa | Single-celled microscopic animals without a rigid cell wall. Can remain viable as cysts |
| Provirus | Virus that is hidden during the latency period. |
| Human papillomavirus (HPV) | The most common STD in the United States can cause health problems that includes genital warts and cancer. |
| Rickettsiae | Short, non-movable rods that live in the intestinal tract of insects. Lice, fleas, ticks, and mosquitoes |
| Algae | Contains Chlorophyll |
| Tetanus | Also known as lockjaw, caused by spore forming bacillus |
| MRSA | Type of Staphylococcus, has evolved due to excessive use of penicillin |
| Legionarres disease | Bacteria are spread through aerosolization and aspiration of contaminated water |
| Tuberculosis | Leading cause of death resulting from infectious disease worldwide |
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