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ch 13
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Closed head injuries | Damage to the brain that occurs without penetration of the skull |
| Open head injuries | A brain injury in which there is an open wound in the head, such as a gunshot wound or penetration of the head by an object, resulting in damage to brain tissue. |
| Motor-speech disorder | Loss or impairment of the ability to understand or formulate language because of accident or illness. |
| Chronic traumatic encephalopathy | (CTE) A degenerative brain disease caused by repeated brain trauma, some of which might not been severe enough symptomatically to diagnose |
| Behavior modification | Systematic control of environmental events, especially of consequences, to produce specific changes in observable responses. |
| Behavior management | Strategies and techniques used to increase desirable behavior and decrease undesirable behavior. |
| CHARGE syndrome | A genetic syndrome resulting in deaf-blindness |
| Coloboma | A condition of the eye in which the pupil is abnormally shaped and/or there are abnormalities of the retina or optic nerve |
| Usher syndrome | An inherited syndrome resulting in hearing loss and retinitis pigmentosa, a progressive condition characterized by problems in seeing in low light and tunnel vision |
| Retinitis pigmentosa | A hereditary condition resulting in degeneration of the retina |
| Night blindness | A condition characterized by problems in seeing at low levels of illumination |
| Tunnel vision | A condition characterized by problems in peripheral vision, or a narrowing of the field of vision. |
| Prenatal | The time before birth. |
| Rubella, sometimes referred to as German measles | A serious viral disease, which, if it occurs during the first trimester of pregnancy, is likely to cause a deformity in the fetus. |
| Congenital cytomegalovirus | (CMV) The most frequently occurring viral infection in newborns |
| Postnatal | The time after birth. |
| Meningitis | A bacterial or viral infection of the linings of the brain or spinal cord |
| Protactile ASL | (PTASL) An evolving language within the Deaf-Blind community |
| Braille | A system in which raised dots allow people who are blind to read with their fingertips |
| Touch cues | Tactual signals used to communicate with persons who are deaf-blind |
| Adapted signs | Using sign language in such a way as to help those who also have visual impairment communicate, such as holding the hands of the individual while guiding the individual to sign. |
| Orientation and mobility | (O & M) The ability to have a sense of where one is in relation to other people, objects, and landmarks and to move through the environment. |
| Assistance cards | A relatively small card containing a message that alerts the public that the user is deaf-blind and needs assistance in crossing the street. |
| Augmentative and alternative communication | (AAC) Alternative forms of communication that do not use the oral sounds of speech or that augment the use of speech. |
| Functional behavioral assessment | (FBA) Evaluation that consists of finding out the consequences (what purpose the behavior serves), antecedents (what triggers the behavior), and setting events (contextual factors) that maintain inappropriate behaviors. |
| Positive behavioral support | (PBS) Positive reinforcement (rewarding) procedures intended to support a student’s appropriate or desirable behavior. |
| Self-stimulation | Any repetitive, stereotyped activity that seems only to provide sensory feedback. |
| Self-injurious behavior | (SIB) Behavior causing injury or mutilation of oneself, such as self-biting or head-banging |
| Functional behavioral assessment | (FBA) Evaluation that consists of finding out the consequences (what purpose the behavior serves), antecedents (what triggers the behavior), and setting events (contextual factors) that maintain inappropriate behaviors. |
| Positive behavioral intervention and support | (PBIS) Systematic use of the science of behavior to find ways of supporting desirable behavior rather than punishing the undesirable behavior |
| Neonatal intensive care units | (NICUs) A special unit in a hospital designed to provide around-the-clock monitoring and care of newborns who have severe physical problems |
| Developmentally appropriate practice | (DAP) Educational methods for young children that are compatible with their developmental levels and that meet their individual needs |
| Sheltered workshop | A facility that provides a structured environment for people with disabilities in which they can learn skills |
| Competitive employment | A workplace that provides employment that pays at least minimum wage and in which most workers do not have disabilities. |
| Self-determination | Having control over one’s life, not having to rely on others for making choices about one’s quality of life |
| Person-centered plans | A method of planning for people with disabilities that places the person and the person’s family at the center of the planning process. |
| Natural supports | Resources in person’s environment that can be used for support, such as friends, family, and co-workers. |
| Job coach | A person who assists adult workers with disabilities (especially those with intellectual disabilities), providing vocational assessment, instruction, overall planning, and interaction assistance with employers, family, and related government and service a |
| Daily living skills | Skills required for living independently, such as dressing, toileting, bathing, cooking, and other typical daily activities of adults without disabilities. |
Created by:
BradyLung