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Chapter 10

QuestionAnswer
Angular Displacement (θ) The angle through which an object rotates, measured in radians. It’s the rotational equivalent of linear displacement.
Translational Displacement (x) The straight-line distance an object moves from its initial position to its final position. Measured in meters (m).
Angular Velocity (ω) The rate of change of angular displacement.
Right-Hand Rule A method used to determine the direction of angular quantities (like angular velocity or torque). How to use: Curl the fingers of your right hand in the direction of rotation; your thumb points in the direction of the vector
Angular Acceleration (α) The rate of change of angular velocity.
Center of Mass The point where the mass of a system is concentrated and where it balances in all directions. It moves as if all external forces act there.
Torque (τ) A measure of how much a force causes an object to rotate.
Net Torque The vector sum of all torques acting on an object. If net torque is zero, angular acceleration is zero (the object rotates at constant angular velocity or remains at rest).
Translational Equilibrium When the net force on an object is zero, meaning the object moves with constant velocity (or stays at rest).
Rotational Equilibrium When the net torque on an object is zero, meaning it rotates with constant angular velocity (or doesn't rotate at all).
Static Equilibrium When both net force and net torque are zero. The object is completely at rest (no linear or rotational motion).
Rotational Inertia (Moment of Inertia, I) A measure of how difficult it is to change an object’s rotational motion. Depends on mass and how that mass is distributed relative to the axis of rotation.
Angular Momentum (L) The rotational analog of linear momentum.
Rotational Kinetic Energy The energy due to an object’s rotation.
Created by: madilynregan
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