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Patho
Quiz 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How would you describe an illness? | It describes the condition of the person experiencing disease. |
| What is a phenotype? | Phenotype refers to physical appearance influenced by genetics and environment |
| What is a genotype? | genotype refers to all of the genes inherited from parents |
| What are some risk factors for multiple disease? | Gender, environment, and lifestyle |
| What is a hereditary disease? | a disease caused by your genes |
| What is anaphylactic shock | an extreme allergic reaction |
| What is considered to be obese | weighing >120% of the ideal body weight. |
| What is considered to be overweight | weighing between 110 to 120% of the ideal body weight. |
| What are methods of classifying hereditary disease? | Chromosomal, multifactorial, and monogenic |
| Klinefelter syndrome is what type of hereditary disease? | chromosomal |
| What does idopathic mean? | We are idiots and can't figure it out. Hopefully that makes it stick. There is no known cause. |
| What is rule of 9's | it measures your body surface area usually with response to burns. |
| Rule of 9's arm | 9% for an entire arm |
| Rule of 9's leg | 18% for an entire leg |
| rule of 9's head | 9% for an entire head |
| rule of 9's abdomen and chest | 18% for entire chest and abdomen |
| rule of 9's for entire back | 18% for entire back |
| rule of 9's for groin | 1% for groin |
| What are Helminths? | wormlike internal parasites |
| What is hypothermia? | When you body is too cold. |
| How do you classify a burn | by extent, depth, client age, and associated illness and injury |
| 1st degree burn | just epidermis to maybe top layer of the dermis |
| 2nd degree burn | involves deep dermis, blister |
| 3rd degree burns | destroys entire epidermis, and dermis, may involve underlying tissues such as tendons, muscles, bones, charred |
| T lymphocytes causes what type of immunity | cell mediated immunity |
| What are the chemical or physical agents/irritants that may cause disease? | Electric shock, poisoning, and ionizing radiation |
| When there is an invasion of a pathogenic microorganism it is called what? | an infection |
| Homelessness is a risk factor for what disease? | starvation, alcoholism, malnutrition |
| What is a nosocomial infection? | healthcare associated infection. |
| What is an innate immunity | it is a immunity you have despite never having being exposed to the germ in question |
| What are the 3 types of immune system malfunctions | autoimmunity, allergies, and immunodeficiency |
| most common patterns of inheritance of monogenic disorders are | autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, and sex linked |
| What does tachycardia mean? | you have a heart rate > 100 bpm |
| What is heatstroke? | When your body gets too hot, your skin becomes dry, hot, and flushed and it a medical emergency. |
| What is phagocytosis? | when a wbc swallows a microorganism. |
| Urticaria means | hives |
| Sequela means | Pathological condition that results from a prior disease, injury, or attack |
| Chromosome means | Structures that make up DNA |
| Homozygous means | Pairs of genes that possess identical genes from each parent |
| Hypoxemia means | Insufficient oxygenation of arterial blood |
| Analgesic means | Drugs that relieve pain |
| Dyspnea means | Labored or difficulty breathing |
| Antiemetic means | Drugs used to prevent or stop vomiting |
| Hypovolemic shock means | Decrease in circulating blood volume causing your blood pressure to bottom out and for your body to stop working correctly. |
| Antigen means | Foreign substance produced by the body |
| Pathogenic means | Disease producing |
| Edema means | Excessive fluid in body tissues |
| What is hemophilia | a genetic disorder that is passed on from the mother to her sons. It causes excessive bleeding and bruising. |
| What is does streptococcus look like? | (cocci) dot shaped bacteria |
| How do you detect breast cancer | mammograms, Ultrasounds, and needle biopsies to look for micro-calcifications, masses, and abnormal cells. |
| What are signs of allergic reactions | hives, rashes, and fevers |
| What are signs of inflammation | Redness, heat, pain, swelling, and maybe loss of function |
| What does iatrogenic mean? | caused by medical care |
| What does mycotic mean? | related to a fungus |
| What type of micro-organism can't be seen with a compound miscopy | viruses |
| what is a light microscope | a microscope that uses light |
| What is Decompression sickness | This disease is also known as the bends and is caused by deep diving |
| What is a Contusion | bruising and microhemorrhages |
| What is Asphyxiation | you are not breathing/getting enough gas exchange and so oxygen levels plummet and carbon dioxide goes up. |
| What is a red flag for a medical care plan | miracle cures that detox and purify |
| What impact on your health can negative emotions have on your health? | it can hinder your emotion |
| What impact can laughter have on pain perception | it can decrease the pain |
| Who introduced integrative medicine | Andrew Weil, MD |
| Dietary Goals for Americans, adapted from the United States Department of Agriculture, include what? | Fitness, building a healthy base, and choosing sensibly |
| Traditional medicine relies heavily on what? | Which of the following medical traditions relies most heavily on drug-based therapies for relief? |
| What are questions that are typically asked in medical care? | What is your age, height, and weight? Do you smoke or use recreational drugs? What have you done to treat this problem? |
| Life’s opportunities and personal attitudes influence what? | health and lifestyle |
| Do biological organism require stress | stress in order to maintain their well-being. |
| What do laughter and play stimulate the release of? | endorphins that decrease pain |
| In the past decade, which of the following manual healing methods has become popular in the sports medicine area? | Massage therapy |
| Alternative approach to medicine | Medical treatment used instead of another |
| A serious health-care issue | Relying only on drug-based therapies to bring relief |
| Traditional Chinese medicine | Stresses five elements of fire, earth, metal, water, and wood |
| Integrative medicine | A blending of both conventional and nonconventional therapies |
| Allopathic medicine | System-based approach to health care |
| Ayurvedic medicine | 5,000-year-old system that identifies three fundamental energies for mind and body |
| Diet and nutrition therapies | Promotes the ABC goals for Americans |
| Osteopathy | Emphasizes the musculoskeletal system while practicing conventional medicine |
| Internal jogging | Laughter and play |
| Spirituality | Devotion, a setting everything aside, adoration, enlightening |
| Homeopathy | Minuscule amounts of certain substances leave an “energy imprint” in the body, stimulating the immune system |
| Naturopathy | Stresses prevention and the use of nontoxic, natural therapies |
| Medical fallacy | Natural means it is safe |
| Mind–body medicine | Promotes a strong interrelatedness between emotions, stress, and the body’s reaction through the immune system |
| His philosophy eventually led to the separation of “mind” from the “body.” Today's specialization of various branched of medicine and treatment by body systems is partly a result of this separation. | René Descartes |
| How many years ago were Chinese medicine and Ayurvedic medicine first known as healing traditions? | 5,000 |
| Which of the following allied health professionals practice a form of “manual” treatment for healing? | Osteopaths, chiropractors, massage therapists |
| How might you define naturopathy? | Stresses prevention and the use of nontoxic natural therapies |
| What to do about a job that you hate and can't quit | Practice good nutrition, exercise, and seek a quality support system |
| What is known about the use of herbal medicines? | They are considered mainstream in many cultures. |
| there is no illness or disease causing her issues is what type of illness? | Psychosomatic illness |
| What type of doctor is good at dealing with psychosomatic illnesses | Practitioner who specializes in mind–body issues |
| What type of treatments work best for mind body conditions? | Biofeedback, relaxation, visualization, hypnotherapy |
| What does TENS mean? | Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation |
| If you were not asked about your pain during your doctor's visit what kind of failure is that? | Failure of health-care professionals |
| what are the three major barriers to effective pain management? | Client, health-care professional, and health-care system |
| Attaching emotions to pain or feeling only pain’s physical sensations illustrates differences in the experience of pain based on what variable? | Sex |
| What type of pain meds tend to be underprescribed | opioids |
| What is the name of the group of medications not normally used or prescribed for pain? | Adjuvant analgesics |
| describes the placebo effect. | The client believes the placebo to be effective in pain management. |
| What is a cordotomy | A surgery to reduce pain includes the division of lateral nerve pathways coming from the spinal cord |
| Neural pain comes from | lesion in the brain or spine |
| How can you determine the level of pain in a kid | Use the models of children’s faces, asking Mason to point to how he feels. |
| What are the goals of pain management | Minimize pain and maximize a client’s functioning |
| Why do you journal pain meds | To remind clients that taking too much acetaminophen and NSAIDs can cause ulcers |
| Which of the following complementary therapies are often paired? | Relaxation and imagery/visualization |
| Which pain therapies rely upon electrical impulses? | Biofeedback and TENS |
| Opioids | Separates individuals from feeling pain |
| Neurotomy | Dissection of a nerve |
| Prostaglandins | Proteins that can lower blood pressure (BP), stimulate muscle contractions |
| Neurotransmitter | Neuron substances move across synapse to another neuron |
| Breakthrough pain | Chronic pain that earlier responded to pain management recurs |
| Intrathecal drug delivery | Placed under skin to deliver pain medications |
| Phantom limb pain | Pain felt from an amputated body part |
| Psychogenic pain | Experienced by individuals with psychological disorders |
| Pain | Most common complaint of those seeking medical attention |
| Adjuvant analgesics are______________________________. | They are medications not primarily used for pain control. |
| What kind of pain is a helpful warning that something is wrong in normal body functioning? | Acute |
| How is chronic pain described? | It starts as acute pain but continues beyond the normal expected time for resolution. |
| Some patients with chronic pain do not responded to traditional pain control therapies. These kind of patients will benefit referral to ______________ . | Multidisciplinary pain center |
| What is fifth vital sign considered by many providers? | Pain |
| What is a PCA? | It is a device that allows clients to self-administer pain medication. |
| It may be the most effective therapy for postoperative pain, neck and myofascial pain, muscle tension, and migraines. | Acupuncture |
| Why might patients refuse to take an opioid for migraines? | fearful of addiction. |
| What is known about hypnosis and pain relief? | Has proved useful in clients with burns and psychogenic pain |
| What is the pain therapy that distracts pain attention, reduces tension, and increases endorphins and enkephalins? | Laughter and play |
| the best definition of pain is: | A sensation of hurting or discomfort in some part of the body |
| factors responsible for the surge in new infectious and communicable diseases? | Microbial adaptation and change |
| If a patient is being treated for an infection, why is he still going to work and meeting friends? | His particular infection is not a threat to others. |
| Where is the Escherichia coli O157:H7 bacteria that causes serious illness commonly found? | Undercooked contaminated ground beef |
| What is the peculiar nature of the H1N1 virus? | It has DNA typical to avian, swine, and human viruses. |
| The disease caused by a tiny tick-transmitted spirochete is called what? | Lyme disease |
| What is the medical term for 3-day measles? | Rubella |
| What is the name of the acute, life-threatening infectious disease characterized by a membrane-like coating that forms over mucous membrane surfaces, especially the respiratory tract? | Diphtheria |
| Why was botulism a major issue in WW2? | Botulism was injected into hand grenades tossed at the soldiers. |
| Many infectious diseases are increasingly difficult to treat because of what problem? | Overuse of antibiotics has created antimicrobial resistance. |
| What makes SARS so infectious? | It spreads much like pneumonic plague. |
| Karen is exhausted all the time, has a chronic sore throat and myalgia, does not sleep well, and feels like she is in a fog all the time. What might her PCP consider? | Chronic fatigue syndrome |
| Blaine just gets over one cold and gets another. He feels miserable, but there is no antibiotic for it. An Internet search suggests some complementary therapies that might help. What are they? | Andographis and probiotics |
| A cattle rancher in western Nebraska can be concerned about what kind of anthrax that farmers and ranchers are regularly exposed to? | Cutaneous anthrax |
| The symptoms of pneumonic plague resemble so many other diseases. What are they? | Shortness of breath, cough, sneezes, respiratory infection |
| Myalgia | Muscle ache |
| Tularemia | Can be used as potential weapon |
| Flaviviruses | One form of hemorrhagic fever |
| DTaP vaccine | Prevention from diphtheria |
| AIDS | A disease of 35 million people |
| Category A of potential weapons | Easily transmitted from person to person |
| Rubeola | Has an incubation period of 10 to 20 days |
| Given at 12 to 15 months of age; again at age 6 to prevent disease | MMRV vaccine |
| Erythemia infectiosum (fifth disease) | Causes a “slapped cheek” rash |
| Spirally twisted bacterium | Spirochete |
| HIV virus can be transmitted via infected body fluids, blood and blood products, use of shared needles and from mother to child. What is the commonest mode of transmission? | Sexual intimacy |
| What is the term for pathogenic microorganisms in the blood that travels throughout the body causing serious consequences? | Sepsis |
| Sandra has pertussis. Her symptoms are marked by gradual onset of coldlike symptoms- mild fever, running nose, dry cough, irritability and anorexia. At what stage and period of time is this? | Catarrhal stage, approximately 7 to 10 days |
| A child presented with bilateral swollen parotid glands, ear ache and fever. What is the most likely diagnosis? | Mumps |
| What is the highly contagious disease which begins as erythematous macules that produces papules and then clear vesicles and crusts? | Varicella |
| Ali, age 6, has been hospitalized with a serious case of infection from E. coli O157:H7. This bacterial strain is known producing powerful toxin and can cause serious illnesses. What is the potentially life-threatening complication? | Hemolytic uremic syndrome |
| The disease has a classic clinical manifestations that includes lockjaw, voice alteration and contraction of facial muscles. What are some methods to prevent this disease? | Get vaccinated with DTaP and get boosters. |
| The CDC recommends vaccine for children and adults, especially those with certain risk factors, such as diabetes, cardiac disease, and COPD. What is a viral respiratory infection that may be prevented by immunization? | Type A and type B influenza |
| Infectious diarrheal diseases usually affects children under age 5. What are the most common causative agents for diarrhea outbreaks ? | Caused by rota viruses and bacteria |
| Lyme disease occurs in stages. How is stage 1 of Lyme disease typically described? | Erythema chronicum migrans (ECM) rash |
| Viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHF) are caused by a group of viral illnesses that affect multiple organ systems in the body. Symptoms and signs of VHF includes:- | Bleeding under the skin and from the mouth, eyes, and ears |
Created by:
ericmichaelperkins