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Fallacies
AP english 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| appealing to famous people who are not particularly authorities on specific issues | appeal to authority |
| criticizing the person rather than the issue, assumption, or point of view | ad hominen |
| appeal to a small or unrepresentative number of cases to prove a larger issue | hasty generalization |
| appeal to a general rule that, for any number of reasons, does not apply in a particular situation | sweeping generalization |
| several fallacies fall into this category. it is an appeal to the proximity of events to establish a causal link among them. | false cause |
| uses a false or questionable assumption as a premise in an argument | begging the question |
| assuming a conclusion in a premise | circular reasoning |
| closely linked to begging the question. assumes an answer to a question that has not been asked | fallacy of interrogation |
| ascribes a meaning to a term in a case in which it does not apply | Equivocation |
| occurs when a statement is not clear because of poor wording or grammatical structure | Ambiguity |
| assumes consequences for which there is no evidence will follow because of an earlier harmful act | slippery slope |
| occurs when a relationship is claimed among the things for which the connection has not been established | undistributed middle |
| occurs when we use tradition alone to establish legitimacy | appeal to tradition |
| occurs when we believe assert the superiority of something because it is new | appeal to novelty |
| occurs when we believe something is true because it has been asserted a number of times | argument ad nauseam |
| provides only two alternatives when more exist | black or white argument |
| occurs when a conclusion simply does not follow logically from a premise | non-sequitur |
| provides a simple answer to a complex situation | many questions |
| appeals to the majority or to numbers | naturalist fallacy |
| introduce irrelevant material into a discussion so that attention is diverted from the real issue | red herring |
| occurs when the person making the assertion puts others on the defensive | shifting the burden of proof |
| arguing that because two things are similar in some ways, they are similar in all ways | extended analogy |
| misrepresents a position so that it can be more easily attacked | straw man argument |
Created by:
cindychan12
Popular English Vocabulary sets