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Gas exchange

Ventilation and gas exchange

TermDefinition
What is breathing The movement of air into and out of the lungs
What is respiration The chemical reaction to release energy the form of ATP
What is ventilation Scientific word for breathing
What is Gaseous exchange Diffusion of oxygen from air in the alveoli into the blood and carbon dioxide from the blood into the air in the alveoli
How is air breathed in from the lungs and out of the lungs The diaphragm Antagonistic interaction between the external and intercostal muscles
What do external intercostal muscles do They contract leading to inspiration
What do the internal intercostal muscles do They contract leading to expiration
During inspiration External intercoastal muscles contract internal intercostal muscles relax Diaphragm contracts Air pressure in lungs initially drops as air moves in lung volume increases Air moves into lungs from high to low pressure
During expiration External intercostal muscles relax internal intercoastal muscles contract Diaphragm contract Air pressure in lungs drops as air moves out Lung volume decreases Air moves out of lungs from high pressure in lungs out to atm pressure
The Alveolar Epithelium Once the gases are in the alveoli gas exchanges between the epilthium and the blood Alveoli are tiny air sacks and there are 300 million in the each human lung which creates a very large surface area for gas exchange
The alveoli epithilum cells are very thin to minimise diffusion distance Each alvelous is surrounded by a network of capillaries to remove exchange gases and therefore maintains a conc gradient
Created by: yHya
 

 



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