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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| German Poster: The message of the poster is best explained in the context of the | successful unification of Germany under Prussian leadership |
| German Poster: The prominence of Bismarck in the poster is best explained by his | key role in establishing a new European diplomatic order after the breakdown of the Concert of Europe |
| German Poster: The way the kaiser and Bismarck are portrayed is best explained by the | increasing political and diplomatic tensions in Europe in the late nineteenth century |
| The constitution that Otto von Bismarck created for the united German Empire included | universal male suffrage for parliament |
| The Dreyfus Affair in late nineteenth-century France resulted in which of the following? | The deepening of political divisions |
| Which of the following early-nineteenth-century groups would most likely share the views expressed in the poem? | Romantics |
| After unification in the late nineteenth century, the new state of Italy faced all of the following EXCEPT | a labor shortage |
| In the nineteenth century, the events depicted on the maps came to be seen as a problem primarily due to the emergence of | nationalism |
| Which of the following was an immediate result of the Austro-Prussian War (1866)? | Prussia dominated the German unification movement. |
| On which of the following did Cavour and Garibaldi agree? | Italy should be independent of foreign control. |
| The 1860 cartoon above illustrates which of the following? | Garibaldi presenting liberated Italian territory to Victor Emmanuel |
| The Prussian victory over Austria in 1866 resulted in | the consolidation of Prussian authority among North German states |
| In the period 1815–1914, which of the following regions of Europe experienced political developments that most strongly contrasted with those shown on the maps? | The Italian Peninsula |
| On the map above, the shaded state is | Serbia |
| The conditions referred to in the report were most directly a result of which of the following developments? | The emergence of new Balkan states as the Ottoman Empire declined |
| The rivalry depicted in the cartoon had which of the following effects on European politics in the period before the First World War? | It undermined Germany’s efforts to isolate France diplomatically. |
| The Treaty of Berlin in 1878 reflected general European agreement on which of the following? | Boundaries and spheres of influence in the Balkans |
| Which of the following statements best describes Charles Darwin's theory of evolution? | New species emerge after gradually accumulating new modifications. |
| In On the Origin of Species, Charles Darwin addresses the | transmutation over time of plant and animal life |
| Which of the following best explains the historical significance of Darwin’s argument in the passage? | It made an explicit claim that evolutionary development applied to human beings. |
| Darwin's perspective in the first paragraph regarding future developments is significant because of its | adaptation by racial thinkers, who used it to justify European imperialist policies |
| Which of the following was a result of Einstein’s publication of the special theory of relativity in 1905 ? | Basic assumptions of classical physics about space and time had to be revised. |
| Which of the following is one of Sigmund Freud’s most significant contributions to twentieth-century thought? | Unconscious psychological energy is sexual energy. |
| Two of the leaders in the nineteenth-century development of the germ theory of disease were | Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch |
| Which of the following had the greatest influence on the work of the French Surrealist painters in the period between the First and Second World Wars? | Freudian psychology |
| A major economic problem in late-nineteenth-century Europe that contributed to European imperialist expansion was | overproduction of manufactured goods |
| The shaded areas on the map shown above formed part of the colonial empire of | Germany |
| The only African countries to remain politically independent following the "scramble for Africa" by European countries in the late nineteenth century were | Liberia and Abyssinia (Ethiopia) |
| Compared to Cook’s portrayal of the inhabitants of Australia in the late eighteenth century, the predominant European view of non-European peoples in the late nineteenth century had changed in which of the following ways? | Europeans in the late nineteenth century tended to view lack of technological development as evidence of cultural inferiority. |
| The revolution in understanding the nature, treatment, and prevention of infectious diseases was largely due to the discoveries of | Jenner, Lister, and Pasteur |
| Which of the following was a major factor contributing to the changes shown on the maps? | European advances in medicine and military technology |
| The process shown on the maps had which of the following effects on European politics in the period? | It increased tensions among rival European powers by creating another venue for international competition. |
| The British actions described in the passages best explain which of the following reactions in the late nineteenth century? | British colonial subjects who received a western education created nationalistic movements to resist imperialism. |
| The policies described in the second paragraph of Source 2 are most closely related to which of the following economic systems? | Mercantilism, which sought to maximize the home country’s positive balance of trade |
| The Victorian shift in attitudes toward Africa described by Ferguson in Source 1 was most strongly connected to which nineteenth-century development? | The growth of domestic social reform movements in Britain |
| Caspar David Friedrich's painting The Wanderer Above the Mists shown above does which of the following? | Typifies Romantic contemplation of nature. |
| Which of the following best characterizes artistic movements in late-nineteenth-century Europe? | An increased emphasis on personal expression |
| Claude Monet is associated with the beginnings of the artistic movement known as | Impressionism |
| “Up! up! my Friend and quit your books; The poem above reflects which of the following? | Romanticism |
| Of the following, nineteenth-century European women were relatively more numerous and made the most influential contributions as | popular novelists and writers |
| In the second half of the nineteenth century, the balance of power in Europe was greatly changed by | the unifications of Germany and of Italy |
| The instability that Cartwright attributes to Serbia’s actions is best explained by which of the following? | Nationalist agitation that threatened multiethnic empires |
| The willingness of Russia to support Serbia, as mentioned by Cartwright, is best explained by which of the following? | Development of an increasingly rigid system of alliances involving all major European powers |
| The tensions between Russia and Austria-Hungary alluded to by Cartwright were most strongly exacerbated by which of the following? | A major arms buildup |