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week 4 terms
Chapter 8 terms and definition
Term | Definition |
---|---|
What is a tort? | A civil wrong that interferces with oone's property or person. |
Tort and crime Distinguished: | A crime is a wrong that arises from a violation of a public duty, and a tort is a wrong that arises from the violation of a private duty. The same act can be a crime and a tort. |
Intentional Torts: | When wrongdoers engage in intentional conduct. |
Negligence: | Failure to exercise due care. |
Strict Liability: | Absolute liablity due to inherent danger of the activity, regardless of intent. |
Assault: | Threatening a person with imminent harm. |
Battery: | The wrongful touching of another person without their consent. |
False Imprisonment: | Detaining a person without their consent. |
Shopkeeper's privilege: | Store owners may detain a shoplifter for a reasonable time. |
Intentional infliction of Emotional Distress: | Outrageous conduct which produces mental anguish to the harmed individual. |
Invasion of privacy: | Public disclosure of private facts. Intrusion into the plaintiff's private affairs. |
Defamation: | A false statement by one party about another to a third party. |
Slander: | Spoken Defamation. |
Libel: | Written defamation. |
Online Issues: | Many posts are anonymous |
Defenses: | Truth and privilege. |
Product Disparagment: | False statements made about a product or business. |
Wrongful interference with contracts: | A third party interferences with others' right to contract. |
Trespass: | Unauthorized action with respect to land or personal property. |
Elements of Negligence: | Duty of Exercise reasonable care. Breach of duty. |
Causation: | The duty and the breach of duty must be connected to the plaintiff's injuries. |
Damages: | Actual losses must have been sustained. |
Contributory Neglience: | Plaintiff's negligence is a complete bar to recovery of damages from the defendant. |
Comparative Negligence: | Negligent plaintiff permits damage recovery in proportion to defendant's degree of fault. |
Express assumption: | A written acknowledgement of risk that releases the defendant from liablity. |
Implied assumption: | Based on the activity. |
Immunity: | Governments are usually immune from liability. |
What is Strict Liability? | Absolute standard imposed by law in situations requiring extreme protection. Few if any defenses apply and the company or person causing damages will be liable. |
Imposing Strict liability: | Can occur in different situations but most common in product liability. |