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PSYCH reading unit7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anxiety Disorders | Characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety. |
| Generalized Anxiety Disorder | A person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal. |
| Panic Disorder | Marked by unpredictable, minute-long episodes of intense dread in which a person may experience terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations; often followed by worry over a possible next attack. |
| Phobia | Marked by persistent fear and avoidance of a specific object, activity, or situation. |
| Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) | Unwanted repetitive thoughts, actions, or both. |
| Major Depressive Disorder | A person experiences, in the absence of drugs, two or more weeks with five or more symptoms, including either depressed mood or loss of interest/pleasure. |
| Bipolar Disorder | A person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania. |
| Delusion | A false belief |
| Chronic Schizophrenia | Usually appear by late adolescence or early adulthood. As people age, psychotic episodes last longer. |
| Somatic Symptom Disorder | Symptoms take a somatic (bodily) form without apparent physical abuse. |
| Conversion Disorder | Person experiences very specific physical symptoms that are not compatible with recognized medical conditions. |
| Dissociative Disorder | Conscious awareness becomes separated from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings. |
| Dissociative Identity Disorder | A person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. |
| Personality Disorders | Inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning . |
| Psychotherapy | Treatment involving psychological techniques; consists of interactions between a trained therapist and someone seeking to overcome help. |
| Biomedical Therapy | Prescribed medications or procedures that act directly on the person's physiology. |
| Eclectic Approach | Approach of psychotherapy that uses techniques from various forms of therapy. |
| Resistance | The blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material. |
| Transference | Patient's transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships. |
| Client-Centered Therapy | Therapist uses techniques such as active listening to facilitate client's growth. |
| Active Listening | Empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. |
| Exposure Therapies | Treat anxieties by exposing people to the things they fear and avoid. |
| Systematic Desensitization | Associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggered stimuli. |
| Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy | Treats anxiety through creative electronic simulations where people can face their fears. |
| Aversive Conditioning | Associates an unpleasant state with an unwanted behavior. |
| Token Economy | People earn a token for exhibiting a desired behavior and can exchange tokens for treats. |
| Cognitive Therapy | Teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking. |
| Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy | Combines cognitive therapy with behavioral therapy. |
| Group Therapy | Providing benefits from group interaction. |
| Family Therapy | In context of family system. |
| Meta-Analysis | Statistically combining the results of many different research studies. |
| Psychopharmacology | Study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior. |
| Electroconvulsive Therapy | Biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients where a brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient. |
| Psychosurgery | Surgery that removes or destroy brain tissue in an effort to change behavior. |
| Lobotomy | Used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients. |
| Post traumatic Growth | Positive psychological changes as a result of struggling with extremely challenging circumstances and life crises. |
| Behavior Therapy | Therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors. |
| Biofeedback System | Electronically recording, amplifying, and feeding back info regarding a subtle physiological state, such as blood pressure or muscle tension. |
| Bio-psycho-social perspective | An integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological, and social-cultural viewpoints. |
| Counterconditioning | Use classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors. |
| DSM-V | A manual that classifies psychological disorders. |
| Lithium | Mood-stabilizing medicine |
| Manic Episode | A distinct period of abnormally elevated, expansive, or irritable mood that lasts for at least one week and is present most of the day, nearly every day |
| Mood Disorders | Characterized by persistent disturbance of mood, especially in the form of depression or euphoria or a combination of these. |
| Neurotic Disorder | Persistent anxiety, distress, emotional instability. |
| Psychoanalysis | Freud’s theory of personality that connects thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts. |
| Psychological Disorder | Mental illness |
| Psychotic Disorder | Marked by irrational ideas, distorted perceptions, and a loss of contact with reality. |
| Schizophrenia | Delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, inappropriate emotional expression |