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Matter
SOL 6.5
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Atom | The smallest particle of an element; made of electrons, protons, and neutrons |
| Atomic Mass | The mass of an atom, approximately equal to the number of protons and neutrons in the atom |
| Atomic Number | The number of protons in the nucleus of one atom of an element |
| Electrical Charge | A property of matter determined by the number of positively charged protons and negatively charged electrons in a material |
| Electron | A negatively charged subatomic particle located in the electron cloud; involved in the formation of chemical bonds |
| Electron Cloud | The area surrounding the nucleus of an atom where the electrons are found |
| Element | A pure substance composed of the same type of atom throughout |
| Neutron | A neutrally charged subatomic particle located in the nucleus of an atom; contributes to the mass of the atom |
| Nucleus | The tiny, very dense, positively charged region in the center of an atom that is made up of protons and neutrons |
| Proton | A positively charged subatomic particle located in the nucleus of an atom; contributes to the mass of the atom |
| Subatomic Particles | Particles that are smaller than the atom |
| Atmosphere | The layer of gas surrounding a planet that is held in place by gravity |
| Atom | The smallest particle of an element; made of electrons, protons, and neutrons |
| Bond | Any of several forms of electrostatic attraction between atoms that hold the atoms together |
| Chemical Symbol | A one- or two-letter notation used to represent an atom of a particular element |
| Compound | A new substance with unique chemical and physical properties formed when two or more elements are chemically bonded during a chemical reaction |
| Element | A pure substance composed of the same type of atom throughout |
| Molecule | The simplest unit of a chemical compound that can exist, formed when two or more atoms join together chemically |
| Chemical Change | A change that involves one substance being pulled apart or combined with another substance to form a completely different substance or substances |
| Chemical Equation | Chemical formulas and symbols written to represent a reaction |
| Chemical Formula | A shorthand notation that uses chemical symbols and numbers as subscripts to represent the type and number of atoms that are present in the smallest unit of a substance |
| Chemical Reaction | The process by which one or more substances change to produce one or more different substances |
| Coefficient | A number placed in front of a chemical symbol or formula that represents the number of molecules |
| Law of Conservation of Energy | Scientific law stating that energy can be neither created nor destroyed but just changes form |
| Product | A substance produced during a chemical reaction |
| Reactant | A substance that takes part in and undergoes change during a chemical reaction |
| Subscript | A number written below and to the right of a chemical symbol that shows the number of a specific type of atom present |
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