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Anatomy - Immune
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| neutrophils | phagocytic cells, 1st to arrive, abundant |
| eosinophils | parasitic infection and allergies |
| basophils | Releases histamine and heparin Help detect and destroy early cancer cells. Responsible for Anaphylaxis |
| mast cells | Release histamine and heparin Found in LOOSE connective tissue. Responsible for Anaphylaxis ONLY ACTIVATE with tissue damage |
| helper t cells | Type of T cell: Do not directly kill infected cells Coordinate responses by activating other immune cells |
| cytotoxic t cells | Type of T cell: aka "killer t-cells" destroy infected cells once activated |
| natural killer cells | Type of T cell: Kill cells that are infected without prior exposure to the pathogen. |
| Plasma Cells | Type of B cell: actively produces antibodies |
| Memory B Cells | Type of B cell: Activated when encounter an antigen Remains in the body after infection is resolved Can respond quickly to the same antigen in the future (because they hold the memory of that pathogen) |
| Macrophages | Type of Monocyte: Patrols tissue Performs phagocytosis |
| Dendritic Cells | Type of Monocyte: Capture antigens from pathogens and presenting them to T cells to activate them |
| antigen | any substance that can provoke an immune response by being recognized as foreign by |
| How are basophils and mast cells different | Basophils: are found in the bloodstream, activated by immune signals Mast cells are typically located in tissues, activated by tissue damage |
| how are macrophages and dendritic cells the same? | both are monocytes, both are phagocytic, both innate |
| how are macrophages and dendritic cells different? | macrophages: main goal is to phagocytize and clear infection dendritic: main goal is activation of adaptive immunity. |
| what is innate immunity | immunity you are born with. NON-specific |
| what is acquired immunity | immunity that develops after being exposed to pathogens, SPECIFIC |
| what cells are part of the innate immunity | neutrophils eosinophils basophils mast cells natural killer cells macrophages dendritic cells (because they are non-specifc and attack ANY pathogen) |
| what cells are part of the adaptive immunity | cytotoxic t cells helper t cells plasma cells memory B cells (because they are specific and only attack one pathogen after the body has already encountered it) |
| what is another name for innate immunity | natural immunity |
| what is another name for adaptive immunity | acquired immunity |
| what cells bridge the innate immunity and adaptive immunity | macrophages and dendritic cells (because they present antigens to t cells to help activate them) |
| What is the difference between cytotoxic t cells and natural killer cells | CYTOTOXIC: are SPECIFIC, need to be activated by helper Ts or dendritic cells NATURAL KILLER: and NONSPECIFIC, do not need to be activated |
| Which T cell cannot kill? | Helper T cells |
| Which cells can activate/coordinate other cells? | helper t cells (coordinate cytotoxic t cells) memory b cells (remember how to defeat pathogen) dendritic cells (present pathogen) |
| How is lymph circulated through the body? | It relies on skeletal muscle activation to push the fluid |
| what does the spleen do? | helps get rid of red blood cells (RBCs) |
| what does the thymus do? | help t cells to mature |
| what does the bone marrow do? | create blood cells (hematopoiesis) |
| what does the lymph nodes do? | filter out lymph and trap foreign material |
Created by:
adittrich