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Phonetics 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| According to your textbook, most people become "experts" at speaking by age 4, true or false? | True |
| What is Phonetics? | The study of the production and perception of speech sounds |
| What does the acronym, IPA stand for? | International Phonetic Alphabet |
| Phonetics focuses on the study of speech sounds, their ___ and ___ characteristics, and how they are produced by the speech organs | Acoustic & Perceptual |
| Phonology focuses on the linguistic (phonological) rules that are used to specify the manner in which the speech sounds are ___ and ___ into meaningful units, which are then combined to form syllables, words, and sentences | Organized & Combined |
| The IPA is primarily concerned with how words are spelled, true or false? | False |
| There exists considerable variation in transcription methods across texts and disciplines that depend on a variety of factors, true or false? | True |
| There is no fixed standard of English in the United States; therefore, be aware that speech production varies dependent on the individual speaker, true or false? | True |
| An alphabet that maintains a one-to-one relationship between a sound and a particular letter is known as ____? | Phonetic Alphabet |
| What is a Grapheme? | A printed letter |
| What is a Allograph? | Different letter sequencies that represent the same sound |
| What is a Morpheme? | Smallest unit of a language that carries meaning |
| What is a Phoneme? | An individual speech sound that is capable of changing meaning |
| What is a Minimal Pair? | Words that vary by one phoneme |
| What is Diacritics? | Used to indicate alternative pronunciations of the same phoneme |
| What is an Allophone? | Variant pronunciations of the same phoneme |
| The general principle of the International Phonetics Alphabet (IPA) is to assign one symbol for each distinctive sound or speech segment. This means there is a one to one correspondence between phonemes (speech sounds of a language) and the symbol used | True |
| What are the 4 components of a Syllable? | Onset, Rhyme, Nucleus, and Coda |
| The rhyme of a syllable is divided into the ____ and ____ | Nucleus & Coda |
| What is a Consonant Cluster? | When two or more consonants are next to each other in a syllable |
| What is a Syllabic Consonant? | When a consonant takes on the role of the nucleus of a syllable |
| What is the only mandatory component of a syllable? | Nucleus |
| What are the consonants that come before the nucleus in a syllable? | Onset |
| What are the consonants that come after the nucleus in a syllable? | Coda |
| When is an Open Syllable? | Syllables with no coda (end in a vowel) |
| What is a Closed Syllable? | Syllables with a coda (end in a consonant) |
| In general, syllables with lexical stress are perceived to be ____? | Longer in duration, higher in pitch, and louder |
| ALL multisyllablic words (words with more than one syllable) will have a syllable with primary stress. Syllables in multisyllabic words that do not receive primary stress can have either secondary or no stress, true or false? | True |
| Which of the following words have primary stress on the FIRST syllable? ---> Apple, appear, happy, above | Apple & Happy |
| The process of speech production begins with the ____? | Lungs |
| Before speaking, a preparatory ____ is taken | Breath |
| During speech, the diaphragm contracts and lowers which allows the rib cage to expand giving extra space for inflating the lungs, true or false? | True |
| The laryngeal system consists primarily of the _____, or "voice box." It attaches inferiorly to the ____, and superiorly to the ____ bone. | Larynx, trachea, and hyoid |
| The space between the vocal folds is called the ____? | Glottis |
| The vibration of vocal folds during the creation of vocal sound is called ____? | Phonation |
| The ____ frequency is responsible for the inherent voice pitch on an individual | Fundamental |
| Which of the following are part of the supralaryngeal system ---> Nasal cavity, Articulators, Pharynx, and Oral Cavity | All of them |
| The phonemes associated with the lips are called ____? | Labial |
| Sounds produced with both lips are called ____? | Bilabial |
| Phonemes that involve the articulation of the lower lip and the teeth are called ____? | Labiodental |
| Phonemes produced with the tongue between the top and bottom teeth are called ____? | Interdental |
| Define Alveolar | Phonemes produced with the tongue tip against the bony ridge posterior to the upper central incisors |
| Define Velar | Phonemes produced with articulation between the soft palate and the back of the tongue |
| Define the Glottal Phoneme | /h/ |
| Define Palatal | Sounds produced with the tongue and the hard palate |
| When the vocal folds are open/apart, they are ____? | Abducted |
| When the velopharyngeal port is closed, the velum is ____? | Raised to contact the pharynx |
Created by:
AnaHuls