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Chapter 5

Nail Product Chemistry

TermDefinition
acrylates Specialized acrylic monomers (cross-linking) that have good adhesion to the natural nail plate and polymerize in minutes. Used to make UV gels.
acrylics The name for an entire family chemicals used to make all types of nail enhancements and adhesives, including wraps, glues, UV gels, and liquid/powder systems.
adhesion A chemical reaction resulting in two surfaces sticking together
adhesive An agent that causes two surfaces to stick together.
catalyst Substances that speed up chemical reactions.
chemical A substance obtained by a chemical process or producing a chemical effect.
coatings Products, including nail polish, top coats, artificial nail enhancements, and adhesives, that cover the nail plate with a hard film.
corrosive A substance capable of seriously damaging skin, eyes, or other soft tissues on contact Some corrosives have delayed action (minutes); others affect the skin almost instantly.
cross-linker A monomer that joins together different polymer chains.
cyanoacrylates A specialized acrylic monomer (non- cross- -linking) that has excellent adhesion to the natural nail plate and polymerizes in seconds; used to make wraps and nail adhesives
evaporate A change from liquid to vapor form.
fumes A blend of soot-like particles mixed with vapors
gas A state of matter different from liquid or solid. Gases are not formed by evaporation of liquids, as are vapors. Gases must not be confused with vapors or fumes.
methacrylates type of acrylic monomer (cross- linking) that has very good adhesion to the natural nail plate and polymerizes in minutes; used to make alliquid/powder systerns and at least one type of UV gel.
methyl methacrylate monomer (MMA) A substance in wide use around the world for many applications, such as bone repair cement for implantation into the body.
Monomers Molecules that can polymerize to form long polymer chains.
nail primer A substance that improves adhesion; used on the natural nail prior to product application to assist in adhesion.
oligomer Short chain of monomers that is not long enough to be considered a polymer.
overexposure Prolonged, repeated or long term exposure that can cause sensitivity.
over-filing Prolonged, repeated or long term exposure that can cause sensitivity.
photoinitiator A chemical that in combination with resins and the proper curing lamp causes UV gels to cure.
plasticizers Ingredients used to keep nail enhancement products flexible.
Polymers Substance formed by combining many small molecules (monomers) or oligomers, usually in extremely long, chainlike structures.
polymerization Also known as curing or hardening: a chemical reaction that creates polymers.
simple polymer chains The result of a long chain of monomers that are attached from head to tail.
thermal initiators Ingredients that use heat as an energy source for starting chemical reactions, such as polymerizing monomers into polymer.
UV stabilizers Ingredients that control color stability and prevent sunlight from causing fading or discoloration.
Vapors Vapors are formed when liquids evaporate into the air.
Created by: NailsbyPaulina
 

 



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