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Stem cell HH

learn about stem cells

QuestionAnswer
Are stem cells specialised or unspecialised unspecialised (undifferentiated)
State the two roles of stem cells. 1. self renewal of more stem cells 2. differentiation to produce specialised cells
Name the process where stem cells make more stem cells self renewal/mitosis
Name the process by which stem cells make specialised cells. differentiation
Define differentiation (2 marks) Certain genes are turned ON and other genes are turned off (1 mark) To produce specific proteins of that cell type (1 mark)
Name the two forms of stem cells 1. embryonic 2, tissue stem cells
Give two examples of tissue stem cells 1,. liver 2. muscle 3. heart 4. bone marrow
State the role of tissue stem cells Growth/repair/replacement of cells.
Which type of stem cell is multipotent Tissue
Explain what is meant by a pluripotent cell. Can differentiate into ANY cell type.
Which type of stem cell is pluripotent Embryonic stem cell
Describe an ethical issue with embryonic stem cell research. Destroys the embryo
Describe an advantage of embryonic stem cell research 1. may offer cures to incurable disease 2. avoids animal testing
If a stem cell makes specialised cells of many different tissues is the stem cell a)pluripotent b) multipotent pluripotent
If a stem cell makes only a few types of specialised cells of one tissue the stem cell is said to be a) pluripotent b) multipotent multipotent
Using model cells to study disease is an example of a A) therapeutic use b) research use research use
Using stem cells in corneal transplants is an example of a A) therapeutic use b) research use therapeutic use
Using stem cells as model cells in drug testing is an example of a A) therapeutic use b) research use research use
Using stem cells in skin grafts is an example of a A) therapeutic use b) research use therapeutic use
Using stem cells in bone marrow transplants is an example of a A) therapeutic use b) research use therapeutic use
Using stem cells to study cell growth or differentiation is an example of A) therapeutic use b) research use research use
Somatic stem cells undergo what process (es) mitosis only
Germline stem cells undergo what processes mitosis AND meiosis
Name the type of cell division where gametes are made by germline cells. meiosis
Name the type of cell division by which germline stems self renew. mitsosi
Are haploid or diploid cells made in mitosis diploid.
Are haploid or diploid cells made in meiosis haploid
Are gametes haploid or diploid haploid
Are germline cells haploid or diploid diploid
Name the female and male germline cells. female = ovaries male = testes
Another term for a body cell like the liver cells is a) somatic b) germline somatic
Are somatic cells haploid or diploid diploid
In tumour formation excessive cell division is caused by failure to respond to regulatory signals
In tumour formation cell division is a) too high b) too low too high
The term for a mass of abnormal cells is a tumour
What causes a tumour at a secondary site tumour cells failing to adhere together and spreading to another organ
Explain the importance of differentiation. Saves energy as only turn ON genes that are needed to express specific proteins
State the number of PAIRS of homologous chromosomes in diploid cells. 23
Describe what the first meiotic division separates. homologous chromosomes
Describe what the second meiotic division separates chromatids
State the number of chromosomes in haploid cells. 23
Cells not involved in reproduction are termed somatic cells.
Created by: brightminds
 

 



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