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DNA replication HH

Learn about DNA replication

QuestionAnswer
Name the bond between the bases. Hydrogen
Between which two parts of the nucleotide is the back bone. Sugar and phosphate
The 5' end of the nucleotide is the phosphate
The 3' end of the nucleotide is the deoxyribose
Name the 3 parts to a DNA nucleotide 1. phosphate 2. base 3, deoxyribose
How many strands are found in DNA. 2 strands
Name the 3D shape of DNA double helix
Name the complementary DNA base pairs adenine binds with thymine guanine binds with cytosine
Name the type of chromosomes found in prokaryotes circular
Name the type of DNA found in prokaryotes in addition to a single circular chromosome plasmids
Name the type of chromosome found in the nucleus of eukaryotes linear chromosome
Name the type of chromosome found in chloroplasts/mitochondria of eukaryotes. circular chromosomes
Name the type of molecule that linear chromosomes are tightly coiled around in the nucleus. histone proteins
Name the eukaryote that has plasmids
Name the first stage of DNA replication. Double helix unwinds
State what happens in DNA replication after the double helix unwinds. Hydrogen bond break between the bases.
State the role of primers in DNA replication. Bind/anneal to DNA template OR start DNA replication by DNA polymerase
State the role of DNA polymerase in DNA replication. Adds free complementary DNA nucleotides to 3'end of new strand
In what direction does DNA polymerase replicate on the new strand. From 5' to 3' end OR onto the 3' end
Describe what is meant by DNA being anti parallel. 1 strand runs from 5' to 3' 1 strand runs from 3' to 5;
Compare leading and lagging strand in terms of their replication. leading strand replicates continuously whilst the lagging strand is replicated in fragments.
Explain why there is a lagging strand in DNA replication. As DNA polymerase only replicates from 5' to 3' end on the new strand OR only adds onto the 3' end of the new strand.
State what process follows DNA replication. Cell division/mitosis
Explain why DNA replication must come before mitosis. To ensure each daughter cell receives the same number of chromosomes as the original cell.
Put the following stages in order. 1. primer binds to DNA template 2. DNA polymerase adds free DNA nucleotides to 3' end 3. Hydrogen bonds break between the bases 1. Hydrogen bonds break between the bases 2. primer binds to DNA template 3. DNA polymerase adds free DNA nucleotides to 3' end
State the name of the molecule that joins the lagging fragments together Ligase
State two molecules needed for DNA replication. 1. DNA template 2, free DNA nucleotides 3. ligase 4. DNA polymerase 5. ATP 6. Primers
Created by: brightminds
 

 



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