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Protein Synthesis

Learn about protein synthesis

QuestionAnswer
State the location of transcription. nucleus
Describe the process of transcription DNA is transcribed into a single stranded primary transcript (mRNA).
What type of RNA is the primary transcript mRNA
State the enzyme needed for transcription RNA polymerase
Describe two roles of RNA polymerase. 1. unwinds DNA 2. breaks hydrogen bond between bases 3,. adds free complementary RNA nucleotides to 3'end of primary transcript.
Name the molecule that is produced from a primary transcript. mature transcript.
Name the process that converts the primary transcript into a mature transcript RNA splicing
Where does RNA splicing take place in a cell. nucleus
Compare the primary and mature transcript in terms of exons and introns. primary transcript - exons and introns mature transcript - exons only
The coding parts of the gene are called exons
Define an intron. A non coding part of the gene.
Explain the process of alternative RNA splicing intron removed and DIFFERENT exons joined together to form DIFFERENT mature transcripts.
When more than 1 mature transcript is produced the process is ALTERNATIVE RNA splicing.
Where does translation take place in a cell ribosome
What is produced during translation protein/polypeptide
State the bond that holds the amino acids together peptide
Name the 3 forms of RNA that are found at the ribosome. 1. tRNA 2. rRNA 3. mRNA
Is DNA found at the ribosome. No
State the two components that make up the ribosome. 1. rRNA 2. protein
Describe the function of mRNA. takes complementary code from nucleus to ribosome.
Describe two roles of tRNA 1. binds to a specific amino acid 2. takes amino acids to the ribosome. 3. anticodons bind with codons on mRNA.
State the two parts of tRNA. 1. anticodon 2. amino acid attachment site
Does mRNA have codons or anticodons codons.
What is meant by a codon. 3 bases code for 1 amino acid
Describe the difference in sugars between DNA and RNA. 1. ribose sugar = RNA 2. deoxyribose sugar = DNA
Describe the difference in strands between DNA and RNA DNA has 2 strands whereas RNA is one strand
Describe the difference in bases between DNA and RNA bases DNA has thymine whereas RNA has uracil
DNA codon is TAG, the mRNA codon is AUC
DNA codon is ATC, the mRNA codon is UAG
mRNA codon is AUG, the tRNA anticodon is UAG
The tRNA anticodon is UUA, the mRNA codon is AAU
The DNA codon is TAC, the tRNA anticodon is UAC
tRNA and rRNA make up which part of the genome a) coding part for protein b) non coding part non coding part
mRNA makes up which part of the genome a) coding part for protein b) non coding part coding part for protein
Describe one function of tRNA/rRNA 1. regulates transcription 2. transcribed but not translated
Which type of RNA codes for protein mRNA
Which type (s) of RNA is transcribed but NOT translated. tRNA and rRNA
Apart from peptide bonds, state another bond that contributes to the 3D shape of proteins 1. hydrogen 2. LDF's/Van der Waal 3. Ionic
Created by: brightminds
 

 



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