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Intro to MH
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Psychiatric mental health definition | There is no universal definition |
| 1882-1914 | Training began in mental health nursing |
| 1915-1935 | -Linda Richards changes the way treatment is given - Harriet wrote the 1st nursing text book |
| 1963-1979 | insurance companies paid for services |
| Same people coming in and out | Revolving door phenomenon |
| DSM | diagnostic criteria for various mental disorders |
| Used to help understand what factors went in to diagnosing the illness | DSM |
| Influences on mental health | 1. access to health care 2. ability to pay 3. biological factors 4. availability of care 5. social being 6. environmental threats |
| The tendency to believe that ones way of thinking and believing and behaving is superior | Ethnocentrism |
| Physical and psychological responses | 1. fight or flight 2. anxiety 3. ineffective coping 4. use of defense mechanisms 5. denial 6. guilt 7. grief |
| Introduced the psychoanalytical theory | Freud |
| Id | the pleasure of principle |
| Ego | Rational self |
| Superego | The perfection principle |
| Defined stages of psychological development through life span | Erickson |
| Developed theory of cognitive development | Piaget |
| Client agrees to treatment | Voluntary |
| Type of commitment when person is mentally ill and is a danger to self and others | Involuntary |
| 1773-1881 | Attendants hired to socialize with clients |
| Birth - 18 month | trust vs mistrust, oral stage and senseorimotor |
| Ethnocentrism | Tendency to believe that ones way of thinking, believing and behaving is superior |
| 18mo- 3 year | Autonomy vs shame. anal self control stage. |
| 3-6 year | Initiative vs. Guilt. Phallic stage. learning symbols |
| 6- 12 year | industry vs inferiority latency stage, concrete stage |
| 12- 18 year | identity vs role confusion |
| Mental illness is curable | False |
| Specialty of nursing that cares for people of all ages with mental illness or mental distress | Psychiatric mental health nursing |
| View mental illness as spiritual issue | Asians |
| View mental illness as a hex or spell | African Americans |
| View mental illness as an imbalance with the rest of the natural world | Native Americans |
| View mental illness as an imbalance of harmony | Chinese |
| A smaller group that exists within a large culture | Subculture |
| Justice | people have the right to be treated fairly and equally |
| Beneficence | to do good for others |
| Nonmaleficence | to do no harm |
| Autonomy | self determination |
| verarcity | to tell the truth |
| fidelity | keeping promises |
| Ethical and legal pitfalls | duty to warn , safety, informed consent, false imprisonment, invasion of privacy |
| 18-30yr | intimacy vs isolation develop lasting intimate relationship |
| 30-65 year | generativity vs. stagnation. establishes a family |
| 65- death | integrity vs. despair sees own life meaningful is productive |
| care settings | impatient, outpatient, shelters, nursing homes, assisted living |
| health multidisciplinary team | nurse, occupational therapist, social worker, pharmacist, phychiatrist |
| Intimate zone (0–18 in between people) | parents with young children, people who mutually desire personal contact, or people whispering. Invasion of this intimate zone by anyone else is threatening and produces anxiety. |
| Personal zone (18–36 | This distance is comfortable between family and friends who are talking. |
| Social zone (4–12 ft): | This distance is acceptable for communication in social, work, and business settings. |
| Public zone (12–25 ft): | This is an acceptable distance between a speaker and an audience, small groups, and other informal functions. |
| Congruence | occurs when words and actions match. |
| When the nurse is comfortable with themself, aware of strengths and limitations, and clearly focused, the client perceives a genuine person showing | genuine interest |
| Empathy | is the ability of the nurse to perceive the meanings and feelings of the client and to communicate that understanding to the client. |
| Self-awareness | is the process of developing an understanding of one’s own values, beliefs, thoughts, feelings, attitudes, motivations, prejudices, strengths, and limitations and how these qualities affect others |
| Values | are abstract standards that give a person a sense of right and wrong and establish a code of conduct for living. Sample values include hard work, honesty, sincerity, cleanliness, and orderliness. |
| The nurse who does not become upset or responds negatively to a client’s outbursts, anger, or acting out conveys | acceptance |
| Attitudes | are general feelings or a frame of reference around which a person organizes knowledge about the world. |
| social relationship | is primarily initiated for the purpose of friendship, socialization, companionship, or accomplishment of a task. |
| intimate relationship | involves two people who are emotionally committed to each other. |
| therapeutic relationship | differs from the social or intimate relationship in many ways because it focuses on the needs, experiences, feelings, and ideas of the client only. |
| duty to warn | In this circumstance, the nurse must report the homicidal threat to the nursing supervisor and attending physician so that both the police and the intended victim can be notified. |
| Working phase | of the nurse–client relationship is usually divided into two subphases. |
| problem identification, | the client identifies the issues or concerns causing problems |
| exploitation, | develop better coping skills and a more positive self-image; this encourages behavior change and develops independence. |
| orientation phase | During the orientation phase, the nurse establishes roles, the purpose of meeting, and the parameters of subsequent meetings; identifies the client’s problems; and clarifies expectations. |
| transference | As the nurse and client work together, it is common for the client to unconsciously transfer to the nurse feelings they have for significant others. |
| countertransference. | A similar process can occur when the nurse responds to the client based on personal unconscious needs and conflicts; |
Created by:
lauthi7917